EKG Flashcards by britt rank

age
heart disease
lung disease 
surgery
thyroidtoxicosis

can all atribute to

AFIB

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3 types of medications used if patient is afib and HR over 100 to slow down HR as well as _____

AA B CC D

Anticoagulants (heparin, warfarin)
Amiodarone

Beta blocker (metopralol)

Calcium channel blocker (diltiazam)
Cardioversion

digoxin

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Hypoxemia, acid-base imbalance, exacerbation of heart failure, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, valvular heart disease, genetic abnormalities, and QT prolongation are all possible causes of ______

Ventricular Tachycardia

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a pacer spike without a corresponding p wave or QRS complex

failure to spike

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when dealing with AFIB it is important to know if the condition is wht?

new or not

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ECG where:

Rate: greater than 100 bpm

Rhythm: regular unless capture beats occur and momentarily interrupt

P-wave: none

PR interval: none

QRS: consistent in shape but appear wide and bizarre

Ventricular Tachycardia

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4 interventions for idioventricular

CPR
anticipate TCP
atropine
treat cause

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for decreased cardiac output, the first step would be to use ______

the second step would be to use ____

atropine IVP

external pacemaker

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vagal stimuation
medication

are two main causes for

sinus block

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ECG where:

Rate: >100

Rhythm: regular

P-wave: inverted

PR interval: if inverted p before QRS, <0.12

QRS: WNL (narrow)

junctional tachy

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prolonged PR interval (>.20) but consistent is an indication of ____

first degree AV block

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ECG where:

Rate: 20-40

Rhythm: regular

P-wave: absent

PR absent

QRS:greater than 0.12

idioventricular

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digoxin toxicity
MI
age
ischemia

are all common causes of

junctional

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every small box is ____ of a second on a ECG

.04 seconds

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ECG where:

Rate: regular

Rhythm: regular W/pause

P-wave: normal

PR interval: WNL

QRS: WNL

not consistent R-R does not march out

sinus arrest

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3 interventions for vfib

code blue
cpr
defib

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the mode for a pace maker is either _____ or _____

demand – only when needed
fixed- asynchronous

(most patients on demand)

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ECG where:

Rate: 40-60

Rhythm: regular

P-wave: inverted

PR interval: if inverted p before QRS, <0.12

QRS: WNL (narrow)

junctional

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ECG where:

Rate: 60-100 beats/minute

Rhythm:Regular

P-wave:Upright, rounded, smooth,1 for each QRS complex, all look similar in size and shape

PR interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds

QRS:0.04-0.12 seconds
All QRS complexes look similar in size and shape

Normal Sinus Rhythm

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ANTI: arrhythmics,biotics, depressants,emetics,psychotics,heroin

HYPO: kalemia,calcemia,magnesemia

massive blood transfusion

are possible causes of _____

QT segment

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stress, CAD,CHF,COPD, myocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, acid-base imbalances, and increased catecholamine levels can cause ______

PVCs.

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interventions for sinus tachy

treat the cause

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3 things before Cardioversion

Obtain consent
Give sedation
Anticoagulants

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AMI
progression from VT
electrocution
blow to chest

could alll cause

v fib

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intervntions for - 3rd Degree Block – Lethal rhythm

call RRT/code blue atropine TCP

for first degree AV block what inerventniosn should you do

notify MD | treat cause

late, wide ectopic beat that arises in the ventricles occurs later than next expected complex

ventricular escape beats

ECG where: Rate: 60-100 Rhythm: regular P-wave: inverted PR interval: if inverted p before QRS, <0.12 QRS: WNL (narrow)

accelerated junctional

MI age ischemia are 3 main causes for

sinus arest

ECG where: Rate: greater than 100 Rhythm: irregular P-wave: indeterminate PR interval: indeterminate QRS: generally narrow and normal unless underlying disease present (within normal range)

uncontrolled AFIB

for treatment of V tach with a pulse first you would give ____________ if that doesnt work, next you would do _________

amiodarone IVP lidocane IVP cardioversion

ECG where: Rate: absent. Rhythm: absent. P-wave: absent PR interval: absent QRS: absent.

Asystole

you would treat accelerated junctional by

treat symptoms

PAC can be a precursor of what 4 things

AFIB AFLUTTER ATRIAL TACH SVT

a finding that only occurs in thythms originating above the ventricles

bundle branch block

representing ventricular depolarization which comes before ventricular contraction

QRS interval

normal PR interval

.12 - .20 seconds 3-5 little boxes in length

______ does not prolong QT segment

digoxin

what 3 should you do with an elevated ST segment?

call RRT 12 lead MONA

no consistency in the PR inerval and more P waves than QRS is a good indication of

3rd degree block | av diassociation

how would you treat a bundle branch block

treat the cause

see an organized rhythm on the monitor that would normally have a pulse, but the patient is pulseless no mechanica response

PEA

with symptomatic sinius block and arrestwhat 4 things should you do for interventions

RRT atropine TCP hold offending meds

ECG where: Rate: WNL Rhythm: regular except finding P-wave: absent PR absent QRS:greater than 0.12

PVC

ECG where: Rate:Less than 60 beats/minute Rhythm:Regular P-wave:Upright, rounded, smooth,1 for each QRS, all look similar in size and shape PR interval:0.12-0.20 seconds QRS: 0.04-0.12 seconds All QRS complexes look similar in size and shape

Sinus Bradycardia

for treatment of asystole what 2 things would you do

CPR epinephrine (dfib will not work)

ECG where: Rate: WNL Rhythm: regular except disruption P-wave: differs from sinus P wave PR interval: WNL QRS: WNL

PAC

ECG where: Rate: WNL Rhythm: regular except irregularity portion P-wave: absent PR interval: absent QRS: > or equal to 0.12 ( wider than normal)

PVC

for treatment of V tach with NO PULSE and V fib what 3 things would you do

CPR crash cart/defibrilator epinephrine

ECG where: Rate: WNL Rhythm: regular or irregular P-wave: more P waves than QRS PR progressive lengthining until 1 QRS falls off QRS: WNL

2nd degree AV block type 1

4 interventions for 2nd degree AV block type 2

call RRT/COde blue pacer pads TCP atropine WITH CAUTION

with supraventricular tachycardia, 3 interventions are __

bear down adenosine (IVP fast/ 6mg) flush after cardioversion

suppression/ failur of SA and AV nodes SA & AV blocks increased vagal tone medications are all possible causes of

ventricular escape beats

ECG where: Rate: regular Rhythm: regular W/pause P-wave: normal PR interval: WNL QRS: WNL consistent R-R (marches out)

sinus block

normal QRS complex duration

0.4 - 0.10 seconds

ECG where: Rate: 40-60 Rhythm: regular P-wave: more p waves than QRS PR interval: varies QRS: greater than 0.12 second P& Q work seperatly

Third-Degree Block

4 interventions for 3rd degree AV block

call RRT/COde blue pacer pads TCP atropine

ECG where: Rate: not discernible. Rhythm: not discernible. P-wave: none PR interval: none QRS: none

Ventricular Fibrillation

impulse starts at SA node (atrial depolarization) which comes before atrial contraction should be uniform, round smooth and upright.

p wave

``` myocardial irritability electrolyte imbalance hypoxia stimulants meds ``` can all be a cause of

PVC

ECG where: Rate: WNL Rhythm: irregular P-wave: indeterminate PR interval: indeterminate QRS: generally narrow and normal unless underlying disease present (within normal range)

controlled AFIB

may be caused by: sleeping athletes vagal stimulation meds such as digoxin

sinus bradycardia

ECG where: Rate: greater than 150 Rhythm: regular P-wave: P waves and T waves are fused together PR interval: indeterminate QRS: narrow and normal

supraventricular tachycardia

how would you treat a PVC

treat the cause

ST elevation is a sign of

infarction | pericarditis

you would treat junctional tachy by what 3 things

vasovagal adenosine cardioversion

with a cardioversion, a stable shock is done if AFIB is less than ___ hours or after ____

48 hours TEE

rhythm that elevated very high BPMs instantly | 140-250

atrial tachy

every big box is ____ of a second on a ECG

0.20

digitalis toxicity, electrolyte imbalance, lung disease, ischemic heart disease, valvular abnormalities, can also occur in normal hearts may be possible causes of _____

Supraventricular Tachycardia

with ventricular escape beats, you would intervene by

treating underlyong thythm disturbance | tcp, atropine,etc

ECG where: Rate: 60-100 (unless bradycardic) Rhythm: regular P-wave: upright, smooth, and round PR interval: longer than normal (>0.20) QRS:narrow and normal

First Degree Heart Block

ST depressed is a sign of

ischemia NSTEMI hypokalemia digoxin effects

``` pain fever anxiety dehydration exercise shock caffeine hypoxia ``` can all lead to

sinus tachycardia.

in a bundle branch block the QRS is __

greater than or equal to 0.12

ECG where: Rate: WNL Rhythm: regular or irregular P-wave: more P waves than QRS PR interval:constant when conducted QRS: WNL

2nd degree AV block type 2

you would treat junctional by what 2 things

atropine | TCP

peaked T waves is usually a sign of

hyperkalemia

torsade de pointes (polymorphic Vtach) is commonly caused by ______ and is often treated with ___ & ______

prolonged QTC mag & potassium

no pacer spike when needed

failure to pace

4 indications for cardiac pacing

symptomatic dysthythmias sick sinus syndrome drug refractory arrhythmias CABG/CV surgery

3 things to do for patient who is symptomatic bradycardia

call RRT atropine prep for transcutaneous pacing

ECG where: Rate:100-150 beats/minute Rhythm:Regular P-wave:Upright, rounded, smooth, 1 for each QRS complex, all look similar in size and shape PR interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds QRS:0.04-0.12 seconds All QRS complexes look similar in size and shape

Sinus Tachycardia

EKG Flashcards

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