Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

TRI 3 - MSK 2 > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What Structures absorb the forces in elbow distraction

A

Extension - 90% anterior capsule, 10% MCL and LCL

90 flexion - MCL provides most support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What Structures absorb a valgus force at the elbow

A

Extension - MCL, anterior capsule, joint articulation equally
90 flexion - 50% MCL, 50% capsule and bony articulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What Structures absorb a varus force at the elbow

A

Extension - 50% LCL, anterior capsule, 50% joint articulation
90 flexion - 80% joint articulation, 20% soft tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Briefly describe Lateral elbow tendinopathy

A

Tendon degeneration and pain at the lateral aspect of the elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structures present with imaging abnormalities with LET

A

ECRB
LCL
Anular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What activities are associated with LET

A 
Smokers
Tennis players
Manual workers
Basketball
Javelin
Golf
Squash
Racquet ball
Swimming
Weight lifting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What motion of the arm could lead to LET

A

Repetitive grasping with the wrist in extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the clinical presentation of LET

A

Pain with extension and grasping activities

Achiness and morning stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the tenderness located with LET

A

Max tenderness over lateral epicondyle
ECRL
ECRB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What AROM and PROM finding will present with LET

A

AROM - pain with wrist flexion when combined with elbow extension
PROM - Pain with wrist flexion when the forearm is pronated and elbow extended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some special tests for LET

A 
Chair test
Cozens test
Mills test
Maudsley
Pain free grip test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do you determine if LET pain is remote

A

Symptoms will change with various positions of the neck and shoulders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the intervention strategy for LET

A 
Ideal remedy not yet found
Acute
 - Decrease pain, inflammation
 - Promote tissue healing
 - Increase flexibility
 - Prevent atrophy
 - Subacute 
 - Continue to improve strength and flexibility
Chronic
 - Continue to improve strength and flexibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the PTREE

A

Valid, reliable and sensitive measurement for LET

MCID = 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MOI for MCL sprains

A

Chronic resistance of valgus and ER forces

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What activities are associated with MCL sprains

A

Tennis

Baseball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the presentation of MCL sprain

A

Medial elbow pain

May have osteophyte formation and degeneration of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some general intervention strategies for MCL sprain

A

2-4 weeks of rest and activity modification

ROM exercises, modalities, NSAID’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the goals in the acute phase of MCL sprain treatment

A

Manage pain and inflammation
Increase ROM
Promote MCL healing
Prevent muscle atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the goals in the subacute phase of MCL sprain treatment

A

Strengthening and stretching of the FCU and FDS
Strengthen secondary stabilizers
Strengthen elbow and shoulder muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the goals in the chronic phase of MCL sprain treatment

A

Improve strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the criteria to return to throwing for MCL sprains

A

Full and nonpainful ROM
No increase in laxity
Isokinetic tests fulfill criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Briefly describe medial elbow tendinopathy

A

Tendinopathy of common flexor origin

Specifically the FCR and humeral head of pronator Teres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe the MOI for MET

A

Repetitive wrist flexion activities

Direct trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are some more detailed MOIs for MET
Fatigue of flexor and pronator muscles Sudden change in level of stress MCL fails to stabilize
26
How does MET begin
As a micro tear between pronator teres and FCR origins
27
How does MET present
Pain on flexor pronator origin, slightly distal and anterior to the medial epicondyle Pain with resisted flexion and pronation Pain with passive extension and supination
28
How do you treat triceps tendinopathy
Closed chain extension exercises Shoulder strengthening Scapular stabilization
29
Describe the MOI of olecranon bursitis
Direct trauma | Repetitive stress
30
Describe the presentation of Olecranon bursitis
Swelling over the olecranon Decreased ROM Inability to don long shirt
31
How do you determine if the bursa is infected and what do you do if it is
Exquisite tenderness = infection or trauma Redness and heat = inflammation Infected bursa need prompt medical attention
32
Briefly describe the fat pad at the elbow
Moves posterior in elbow extension as it is pulled by the triceps and anconeus
33
Describe the MOI of an irritated fat pad at the elbow
Poor mobility | Trauma
34
Describe the presentation of an irritated fat pad at the elbow
Will become irritated | If adhered, hypomobility and spring rebound end feel
35
Describe some fat pad interventions
Management of inflammation Elbow joint mobilizations - distraction may relieve pain STM Submax triceps isometrics
36
What is a common MOI for biceps rupture
Contraction of biceps against significant load in 90 degrees flexion Occurs after 50
37
What should make you suspect brachialis involvement
Pain with elbow flexion and forearm pronation
38
What is the Common age of children with nursemaid's elbow
Preschool age
39
What is the MOI of nursemaids elbow
Longitudinal traction force on the pronated wrist and extended elbow
40
How does nursemaid's elbow present
No swelling or deformity | Child unwilling to use the arm
41
What intervention do you use for nursemaid's elbow
Supination and downward pressure on the radius with extended elbow Click indicates success
42
What nerve is affected the most at the elbow
Ulnar nerve
43
What is the MOI for cubital tunnel syndrome
Repetitive motion Prolonged elbow flexion Medial elbow instability
44
What is cubital tunnel syndrome presentation
Pain in ulnar distribution Weakness in ulnar distribution Both worse at night
45
What are some intervention strategies for cubital tunnel syndrome
Activity modification and protection | Surgery for people 3-4 months in
46
Briefly describe Median nerve entrapment and name the 2 types
Relatively rare Often misdiagnosed as CTS Pronator syndrome Anterior interosseous syndrome
47
Name the locations of entrapment in PS
Bicipital aponeuroses Pronator teres FDS
48
Describe the presentation of PS
Insidious onset Pain on anterior elbow, radial palm, lateral 3 1/2 digits "Heaviness of forearm"
49
What does not present with PS
Tinnel's sign at carpal tunnel | Nocturnal symptoms
50
What are some interventions for PS
Rest NSAID's Ice Restore wrist strength and flexibility
51
Where is the nerve entrapped in AIS
Part of FPL - gantzer's muscle | FCR
52
Describe the presentation of AIS
Motor loss of FPL, pronator quadratus, half of FDP Unable to perform ok sign Pain and weakness with flexion of IP of thumb and DIP of index
53
What are the clinical differences between CTS, PS, AIS
CTS - paresthesia in lateral 3 1/2 digits PA - Paresthesia in lateral 3 1/2 digits and radial palm AIS - no paresthesia
54
What are the 4 types of radial nerve entrapment
High radial nerve compression Posterior interosseous nerve syndrome Radial tunnel syndrome Radial sensory nerve entrapment
55
Describe the presentation of high radial nerve compression
Loss of wrist, finger and thumb extension | Decreased sensation to dorsal webspace
56
Describe the MOI of high radial nerve compression
Humeral fracture or triceps compression
57
Describe the presentation of posterior interosseous nerve syndrome
tender 3-4cm distal to lateral epicondyle Lateral elbow pain radiating into distal forearm Pain with repetitive pronation and supination
58
Describe the presentation of radial tunnel syndrome
Poorly localized pain on lateral elbow
59
Describe the presentation of radial sensory nerve entrapment
burning pain along the posterior-radial forearm, wrist and thumb Pain with flexion and ulnar deviation
60
In radial sensory nerve entrapment what muscles are indicated
Brachioradialis | ECRL
61
Describe the valgus stress test
Tests anterior band of MCL
62
Describe the moving valgus test
90 90 arm and shoulder | Tests for chronic MCL tear
63
Describe the milking maneuver
Tests the posterior band of MCL
64
Describe the elbow flexion test for cubital tunnel
``` Tests for ulnar compression at the cubital tunnel Depress both shoulders Supinate the forearms Flex both elbows Extend both wrists 3-5 minutes ```
65
Describe this special test
Popeye sign | Indicates rupture of the long head of the biceps

TRI 3 - MSK 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions