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MS 1 > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

carrying angle for men and women

A

11-14 degrees for men

13-16 degrees for women

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2
Q

what ligament holds the carrying angle?

A

MCL

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3
Q

closed packed position of humeroulnar joint elbow

A

extension and supination (anatomical position)

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4
Q

CPR of elbow

A

loss of flexion >extension

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5
Q

closed packed position of the humeroradial joint of elbow

A

flexed to 90 and supinated to 5 degrees

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6
Q

glide for flexion of humeroulnar joint

A

distal/anterior

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7
Q

glide for extension of humeroulnar joint

A

proximal/posterior

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8
Q

glide for flexion of humeroradial joint

A

anterior

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9
Q

glide for extension of humeroradial joint

A

posterior

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10
Q

glide for forearm varus

A

lateral

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11
Q

glide for forearm valgus

A

medial

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12
Q

CPP of proximal radioulnar joint

A

5 degrees supination

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13
Q

CPR prox. radioulnar joint

A

equal loss supination/pronation

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14
Q

what ligment covers apprx. 80% of the articular surface of the proximal radioulnar joint

A

annular ligament

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15
Q

to gain pronation, at prox. radioulnar joint, glide_______

A

dorsally, posteriorly

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16
Q

to gain supniation at prox. radioulnar joint, glide_____

A

anteriorly, volarly

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17
Q

glide and slide are in the _____ direction for the distal radioulnar joint?

A

same

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18
Q

to gain pronation at the distal radioulnar joint, glide______

A

volarly

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19
Q

to gain supination at distal radioulnar joing, glide_______

A

dorsally

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20
Q

symptom location at elbow: anterior

A

ant. capsule strain, biceps rupture, dislocation, pronator syndrome

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21
Q

symptom location at elbow: posterior

A

olecranon bursitis, olecranon process stress fx, triceps tendonitis

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22
Q

symptom location at elbow: medial

A

medial epicondylitis, MCL, ulnar neuritis, fx

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23
Q

symptom location at elbow: lateral

A

LCL, lateral epicondylitis, capitulum fx,ostochondral degeneration, osteochondritis dessicans, radial head fx

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24
Q

flexion ROM

A

150

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25
extension ROM
0-10
26
supination ROM
90 degrees
27
pronation ROM
80-90
28
test for lateral epicondylitis
resisted middle finger extension, tests ECRB, mills and cozens tests also
29
Cozen's test
resist wrist extension and radial dev. Tests ECRB and ECRL for lateral epicondylitis
30
Mill's test
lateral epicondylitis test: passive stretch into pronation and flexion of wrist with extended elbow. pain?
31
medial epicondylitis test
passive stretch, supinate, extend wrist and extend elbow now radially deviate and palpate medial epicondyle
32
test for cubital tunnel syndrome
ulnar nerve tinnel's tapping
33
other test for cubital tunnel syndrome (not tinnels)
sustained elbow flexion for up to 10 seconds.
34
what does a humeroulnar joint distraction help with? "the scoop"
flexion
35
how do u "release the olecranon" when performing glides at the elbow?
by placing a towel under the patient's forearm in order to achieve 5 degrees of flexion
36
how much flexion is needed to perofrm a humeroradial distraction?
30-45 degrees
37
What is Panner's disease?
avascular necrosis of the capitulum
38
who does panner's disease most commonly affect?
boys, < 10 years old, affects their dominant arm
39
S&S of panner's disease
dull ache at the lateral elbow, swelling, stiff, tender can't fully extend pronate or supinate pain gets worse with activity and better with rest
40
tx for panner's disease
reduce pain and inflammation, bone rebuilds on its own in 1-2 years
41
radial head fracture MOI
foosh with forearm pronated and elbow flexed, axial compression, valgus forces or forced supination
42
what is the radial head an important stabilizer of?
valgus stresses
43
what is the terrible triad?
elbow joint dislocation, radial head fracture and coronoid process fracture
44
S&S of radial head fx?
still elbow, cant fully flex or extend, pain with pronation and supination, pain over radial head
45
tx of radial head fx
may or may not have surgery, PT= no manual therapy, regain full wrist and elbow ROM, isometric elbow and wrist exercises, concentric wrist exercises in pain free range
46
types of radial head fx: I, II, III, IV
``` 1= undisplaced 2= displaced >30% but <50% of the head 3= entire head comminuted 4= w/ elbow dislocation ```
47
Cubital tunnel syndrome
just like carpal tunnel but at the ulnar nerve in the cubital fossa of the elbow
48
S&S of cubital tunnel syndrome
``` waking up at night with numb fingers pain, swelling in elbow aching pain on inside of elbow difficulty manipulating objects weak grip claw hand n/t in the 4th and 5th digits, especially with a bent elbow mm wasting in hand if its chronic enough ```
49
special tests for cubital tunnel syndrome
``` tinel's sign elbow flexion test froment's sign upper limb tension test for ulnar N sensory exam for ulnar nerve distribution ```
50
tx of cubital tunnel syndrome
massage to flexor mm in forearm, neural mobs and glides | gentle ROM, strengthening
51
Grades of cubital tunnel syndrome: I, II, III
I- intermittent paresthesia, no motor loss II- persistent symptoms, mild weakness III- severe paresthesia, obvious loss of sensation, functional and motor impairment, atrophy of intrinsics, sign of benediction
52
medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)
inflammation of medial epicondyle
53
S&S of golfer's elbow
swelling, weakness, tightness, pain starting in medial elbow and radiating down, increased pain with twisting motions
54
tests for golfers elbow (med. epicondylitis)
resisted wrist flexion | resisted forearm pronation
55
tx for medial epincondylitis
friction massage, stretching, full and painless wrist and elbow ROM, start with isometrics then add resistance, then concentrics then eccentrics
56
little leaguer's elbow
repetitive microtrauma to apophysis and ossification center of the medial epicondyle. constant medial traction pulls growth plate. in adults it stresses the UCL and leads to tommy john sx
57
little leaguer's elbow MOI
overuse of large valgus stresses to the elbow and lateral compression of structures
58
S&S little leaguer's elbow
medial elbow pain, tenderness, pain with throwing, decreased velocity with throwing, flexion contracture
59
tests for little leaguer's elbow
``` moving valgus stress test milking maneuver (applying valgus stress) detailed history of throwing habits ulnar nerve and C8/T1 throwing mechanics? ```
60
tx of little leaguer's elbow?
PRICE, pain free rom, active wrist and elbow motions, core and shoulder and scapular strengthening, eccentric exercises for elbow, low load high reps
61
lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow: imflammation at the lateral epicondyle of elbow
62
what attatches to the lateral epicondylitis
extensors
63
s&S lateral epincondylitis
dull ache at rest tenderness at lateral elbow over ECRB and ECRL swelling pain in lat. elbow during wrist extension and grasping
64
tests for lateral epicondylitis
cozen's test | mill's test
65
tx for lateral epicondylitis
stretching and isometrics in acute, hand putty, PRICE move to strengthening, focus on eccentric strengthening at the wrist, look at their tennis racket
66
what is the proper way to progress strengthening exercises
isometrics>AROM GE>AAROM with gravity>AROM against gravity>eccentrics> resisted eccentrics

MS 1 (11 decks)

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