Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PTA 220- Elbow and Forearm > Elbow & Forearm > Flashcards

Elbow & Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What joints make up the elbow?

A

Humeroulnar Joint and Humeroradial Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of joint is the Humeroulnar Joint?

A

Uniaxial, Hinge Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which joint is motion actually occuring in the elbow?

A

Humeroulnar Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which joint is for stability at the elbow?

A

Humeroradial Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the end feel on full extension of the Humeroulnar Joint?

A

Bony/Hard, because of olecranon process of ulna that moves into the olecranon fossa of the humerus, limiting further motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What articulates at the Humeroradial Joint?

A

The capitulum articulates with the head of the humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the end feel on full flexion of the humeroradial joint?

A

Soft/Springy, because biceps & brachialis meet forearm and limits further motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of joint is the Radioulnar Joint?

A

Uniaxial or Pivot Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Proximal Radioulnar Joint is located where?

A

At the proximal end, the head of the radius pivots within the radial notch of the ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Distal Radioulnar Joint is located where?

A

At the distal end; the distal end of the radius rotates around the distal end of the ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Radioulnar Joint allows only what motion?

A

Supination or Pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What plane and axis pronation/supination occuring?

A

Transverse plane/ Vertical Axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which bone is stationary during pronation/supination?

A

Ulna; the radius moves around the ulna which is locked in place by its bony shape at the proximal end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A muscle must attach where, to be able to pronate or supinate the forearm?

A

Radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the plane and axis for flexion/extension of the elbow?

A

Sagittal Plane/ Anterior Posterior Axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the ROM for full flexion?

A

5-0-145*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is valgus?

A

Elbows bending outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What plane and axis is valgus?

A

Frontal Plane/ Medial Lateral Axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the function for normal cubital valgus?

A

to keep a carrying object away from the body, i.e. carrying a spider, carrying the trash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the normal carrying angle for women?

A

10-15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the normal carrying angle for men?

A

5*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is varus?

A

elbows bent inward, deviated toward the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Arthrokinematics for the Humeroulnar Joint

A

In the open chain elbow flexion, the concave trochlear notch of the proximal ulna slides and rolls anteriorly on the convex trochlea of the humerus
(Posteriorly for elbow extension)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Arthrokinematics for the Humeroradial Joint during flexion

A

concave radial head rolls and slides anteriorly on convex capitulum of humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Arthrokinematics for the Humeroradial Joint during pronation/supination
the radius spins about its own axis
26
Is the radial head convex or concave?
Both
27
Arthrokinematics for Proximal Radioulnar Joint
Convex radial head spins within concave radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament
28
Arthrokinematics for Prox. Radioulnar Joint during pronation/supination
The radius spins about its own axis in place, in the direction of the moving thumb. Clockwise-Left hand pronation Counterclockwise-Right hand pronation
29
Arthrokinematics for Distal Radioulnar Joint
During S/P, the distal radioulnar joint rolls and slides in the same direction across the stationary ulna
30
Bony Landmarks of the Scapula and their muscle attachments
Coracoid Process- short head of biceps Supraglenoid Tubercle- long head of biceps Infraglenoid Tubercle- long head of triceps
31
Bony Landmarks of the Humerus and their muscle attachments
Trochlea- articulates with ulna Coronoid fossa-receives coronoid process of ulna during F/E Medial Epicondyle-Pronator Teres Lateral Epicondyle-Anconeus & Supinator Medial Supracondylar Ridge-anterior lip for brachialis & pronator teres, posterior lip for medial head of triceps Lateral Supracondylar Ridge- brachioradialus
32
Coronoid Process
Brachialis
33
Radial Notch
Head of Radius
34
Radial Head
?
35
Bicipetal (Radial) Tuberosity
Biceps Brachii
36
Elbow Joint Supporting Structures
Joint Capsule Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament Superficial Olecranon Bursa
37
What type of joint is the elbow?
Synovial
38
Which portion of the joint capsule limits elbow extension?
Anterior portion; during ext anterior is tight while posterior has "slack"
39
Which portion of the joint capsule limits elbow flexion?
Posterior portion
40
What does the joint capsule protect during elbow extension?
It protects elbow against medial (valgus) and lateral (varus) directed forces
41
What does the Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament do?
Provides medial stability and contributes to weight bearing stability Protects elbow against medial (valgus) directed forces
42
What ligament is subjected to stress during throwing activites?
Medial Collateral Ligament (Ulnar Collateral Ligament)
43
What does the Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament do?
Provides lateral stability and contributes to weight bearing stability Protects against lateral (varus) directed forces
44
What ligament is subjected to stress during activities such as backhand in tennis?
Lateral (Radial) Ligament
45
Superficial Olecranon Bursa
Superficial location makes it susceptible to injury and inflammation, it is a shock absorber, you cannot palpate it unless its inflammed
46
Forearm Supporting Structures
Annular Ligament Interosseus Membrane Articular Disk Distal Radioulnar Joint Capsule
47
Annular Ligament
Holds head of radius against ulna | B/c of constant contact b/w R & U it helps create the pivot (spin) action of this joint ((CW or CCW))
48
Interosseus Membrane
Transmits forces proximally through forearms Provides stability b/w radius & ulna prox and distally Becomes taut during pronation Provides more surface area for attachment of forearm and wrist muscles
49
Articular Disk
Improves articulation of distal radioulnar joint | Improves radiocarpal articulation
50
Distal Radioulnar Joint Capsule
Provides stability to the distal radioulnar joint | Reinforced by palmar & dorsal capsular ligaments
51
Brachialis
Strong elbow flexor w/ palm down Gets supinator out of way Lies deep to the biceps brachii No attachment on radius, no role in S/P
52
Biceps Brachii
has 2 heads that attach to scapula-allows muscles to assist in shoulder flexion Forearm supination "corkscrew" Muscle activity increases when elbow flexion is combined w/ shoulder flexion Synergistic force couple w/ brachialis
53
Brachioradialis
Lateral side of Radius 2 attachments: Humerus, Radius Elbow Flexion: most effective when elbow is in neutral
54
Triceps Brachii
Elbow Extension | Assist shoulder extension bc it crosses GH joint
55
Anconeus
Keeps annular ligament from being pinched in olecranon fossa during elbow extension Assists in stabilizing the elbow in medial-lateral directions Small MA, low torque producing potential Not a prime mover in any joint action, assists in elbow ext
56
Pronator Teres
Forearm pronator Elbow Flexion Works in synergy w/ pronator quadratus Crosses elbow anteriorly
57
Pronator Quadratus
Forearm pronator Works in synergy w/ pronator teres Stablizes distal radioulnar joint
58
Supinator
Supination Works in syngergistic force couple w/ biceps brachii Wraps around elbow joint laterally from posterior surface to anterior surface
59
Nerve Innervation of Brachialis & Biceps Brachii
Musculocutaneous Nerve
60
Nerve Innervation of Brachioradialis, Triceps Brachii & Supinator
Radial Nerve
61
Nerve Innervation of Pronator Teres & Pronator Quadratus
Median Nerve

PTA 220- Elbow and Forearm (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions