Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MSK 2 (F22) > Elbow Pathologies > Flashcards

Elbow Pathologies Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Lateral Epicondalgia: MOI

A

Overuse/degeneration of ECRB tendon (wrist & elbow extension)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lateral Epicondalgia: population/risks

A

35-55yr, highly repetitive UE routines (e.g., construction workers).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lateral Epicondalgia: presentation

A

TTP: distal to lateral epicondyle.
Pain: sharp, stabbing.
Aggs: gripping, wrist ext, RD, finger ext.
AROM limited d/t pain, PROM usually WNL.
Impaired grip strength.
Weak shoulder ER = compensation with ECRB.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lateral Epicondalgia: risk factors for degenerative

A

35-55yo
Symptoms >3mo
>1 episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lateral Epicondalgia: diagnostic test

A

ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lateral Epicondalgia: surgery indications

A

If pain/disability remains after 6-12mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Medial Epicondalgia: MOI

A

Repetitive microtrauma.
Involves:
Pronator Teres
FCR
Palmaris Longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Medial Epicondalgia: presentation

A

TTP: medial epicondyle.
Aggs: stretching pronator mass (elbow & wrist ext, forearm supination).
Strength: may be compensating for weak shoulder IR.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Medial Epicondalgia: interventions

A

same as Lateral, but now focusing on forearm flexors instead of ext.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Distal Biceps Rupture: MOI

A

Overuse or traumatic (e.g., catching very heavy load).
GH elevation, elbow ext, forearm sup.
Violent pull of forearm into ext while biceps is contracting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Distal Biceps Rupture: population

A

middle-age M > F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Distal Biceps Rupture: presentation

A

Popping, visual defect.
TTP antecubital fossa.
ROM/Strength: weak flexion/supination; may be WNL bc brachialis takes over elbow flexion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Distal Biceps Rupture: surgical approaches & risks associated

A

Single-Incision Anterior Approach - lower risk of HO.
Double-Incision Posterior Approach - lower risk of neuropraxia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Humerus Fx: population

A

12-19yo (M)
>80yo (F)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Humerus Fx: MOI

A

High-energy injuries (FOOSH from a ladder or MVC).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Humerus Fx: surgery indications

A

comminuted and/or fx within the joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Humerus Fx: surgical approaches

A

ORIF: best outcomes.
Total Elbow Arthroplasty: only if really bad, cant be stabilized with ORIF, elderly. No lifting >10lb restriction for LIFE.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Humerus Fx: non-operative treatment

A

Cast: no more than 2wks.
Hinged Brace: after cast comes off, allows F/E but protects lateral stability until healed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Olecranon Fx: MOI

A

fall on elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Olecranon Fx: treatment

A

ORIF if displaced (most olecranon fx are displaced)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Radial Head Fx: MOI

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Radial Head Fx: treatment for non-displaced

A

no surgery. AROM & 1wk in sling. If still fucked after 3 wks, refer to therapy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Radial Head Fx: treatment for displaced

A

ORIF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Radial Head Fx: treatment for comminuted

Study These Flashcards
A

radial head surgically removed

25
Capitellum/Trochlea Fx: MOI
FOOSH
26
Important considerations with elbow fractures
Avoid prolonged immobilization: elbow gets stiff FAST. Avoid aggressive ROM too early: risk of HO.
27
Dislocations: population
5-20yo athletes
28
Dislocations: MOI
FOOSH
29
What is the most common type of dislocation (direction)?
Posterior
30
Dislocation: tx
Closed reduction Sling & AAROM (1wk) Compression sleeve for swelling Return to sport 3mo
31
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: what nerve?
Ulnar
32
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: presentation
Sharp, ache at medial elbow. Aggs: flexion. Paresthesia: pinky & ring finger. Strength: ↓ grip & lateral pinch. If prolonged: thenar wasting, clawing, ABD of the pinky finger.
33
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: indications for non-op
No atrophy Mild EMG findings
34
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: most common surgical procedure
Anterior Transposition
35
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: rehab
Avoid terminal flex. Stretch pronator mass.
36
Pronator Syndrome: compression sites
Ligament of Struthers Bicipital Aponeurosis Pronator Teres
37
Pronator Syndrome: populations
F 4x > M Age 50+
38
Pronator Syndrome: subjective
Pain: prox forearm. Aggs: forearm rotation, elbow motion. Paresthesia: thenar eminence, thumb, index, middle, radial half of ring finger.
39
Pronator Syndrome: rehab
STM to biceps, pronator teres, FDS. Nerve glides/flossing. Limit gripping & repetitive turning. If highly irritable - Posterior Elbow Gutter Orthosis for 2wks.
40
Radial Tunnel Syndrome: compression site
PIN
41
Radial Tunnel Syndrome: subjective
Pain: burning, achy at extensor mass & distal forearm. Weak: supination, wrist/digit ext.
42
Radial Tunnel Syndrome: rehab
Stretch supinator & ECRB (pain-free range). STM, nerve glides. Off-shelf braces can make it WORSE - go with a custom orthosis.
43
Olecranon Bursitis: MOI
trauma, infection, excessive rubbing/friction
44
Olecranon Bursitis: presentation
Inflamed bulge where bursa is Agg - flexion (pushes on bursa)
45
Olecranon Bursitis: rehab
ice, US, regain ROM/strength.
46
UCL Injury: MOI
Valgus stress on medial elbow (lateral blow to elbow). May be combined with dislocation. Most tears on humeral side of UCL.
47
UCL Injury: risk factors
Pitching velocity & volume. Throwing mechanics Breaking Ball toss Humeral Retrotorsion
48
UCL Injury: presentation
Change in pitch stamina/strength. Pain during cocking phase. Ulnar N paresthesia.
49
UCL Injury: indications for surgery
Complete tear = surgery required. Incomplete tear = surgery if conservative fails after 3mo.
50
UCL Injury: surgical options
Tommy John Surgery: splinted for 1 wk post-op, very specific protocol to follow. Other: ASMI (modified Tommy John), Docking, and DANE-TJ.
51
UCL Injury: conservative treatments
Throwers 10 Program, strength, ROM, address biomechanics. Platelet-rich plasma. Return to pitch 12-14wks.
52
How does pitching cause humeral retrotorsion?
Throwing arm: excess shoulder ER & restricted IR = increased retrotorsion. ER concentric during cocking phase, then ER eccentric during throw.
53
Throwing stress on the elbow = ___x BW
5
54
Proper pitch mechanics
Lead with hips Hand on top position Closed-shoulder position Stride foot toward home plate Elbow flex on ball release Plant foot before trunk rotation.
55
What type of pitch is a higher risk for UCL injury?
Sidearm pitch = more valgus stress than overhand pitch.
56
Medial Epicondyle Apophysis: definition
UCL injury in age 12-13 - "Little League Elbow." Epiphyseal plate separates from medial epicondyle. Same MOI/risks as UCL.
57
Capsular Tightness causes
Prolonged immobilization post-injury
58
Myositis Ossificans
Same as HO, but in muscle. Causes: aggressive stretching post-injury.
59
Myositis Ossificans treatment
Self-resolving process. Immob 3-7 days, RICE. Surgery if lesion matures despite conservative tx.

MSK 2 (F22) (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions