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APK > Elbow, wrist and hand > Flashcards

Elbow, wrist and hand Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Function of the elbow

A

to shorten the length of the arm
to allow the hand to be moved towards and away from the body
holds elbow at 90 degrees

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2
Q

Bones that make up the elbow?

A

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

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3
Q

Humero-ulnar joint
Bones
Joint type
Movement

A

Bones - humerus and ulnar
Joint type - hinge
Movements - flexion/extension

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4
Q

Humero-radial joint
Bones
Joint type
Movement

A

Bones: humerus and radius
joint type: hinge
Movements: flexion/extension

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5
Q

Where is the synovial membrane for the elbow attached?

A

Attaching to the articular margins of the humerus and ulna lining the joint capsule, reflected onto the humerus to cover the coronoid and radial fossae anteriorly and the olecranon fossa posteriorly.

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6
Q

What is the posterior fat pad of the elbow

A

the visualisation of a lucent crescent of fat located in the olecranon fossa on a true lateral view of an elbow joint with the elbow flexed ata right angle indicating and elbow joint effusion.

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7
Q

Medial collateral ligament of the elbow.

A
  • Runs from medial epicondyle of humerus to the medial side of coranoid process and olecranon process
  • Between humerus and ulna
  • Prevents side ways movement
  • Resist varus and valgus strain
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8
Q

Lateral collateral ligament of the elbow

A

Attaches proximally to the lateral epicondyle and distally to the lateral ulna and annular ligament

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9
Q

Annular ligament of elbow

A

Encompasses radial head at the radial notch and hold it against the ulna

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10
Q

Interosseous membrane of the elbow

A

o Broad flat membrane is located between the radius and ulna for most of their length
o Connective fibres between ulna and radius

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11
Q

Ligaments of the elbow

A

medial collateral ligament
lateral collateral ligament
annular ligament

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12
Q

Elbow flexors muscles

A

Bicep brachia short head
bicep brachia long head
brachialis
brachioradialis

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13
Q 
Bicep brachii (short head)
origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
A

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve
main actions: flexion, supination, abduction, internal rotation

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14
Q 
Bicep brachii (long head)
origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
A

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Nerve supply: musculocutaenous nerve
Main actions: flexion, supination, abduction, internal rotation

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15
Q

Brachialis

origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions

A

origin: Distal anterior surface of the humerus
insertion: Coranoid process of the ulna
nerve supply: musuloccuntaneous nerve
main actions: Flexion,

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16
Q

Brachioradialis

origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions

A

origin: distal lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and the lateral intermuscular septum
insertion: Lateral part of the styloid process of the radius
nerve supply: radial nerve
main actions: Flexion, Supination, pronation

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17
Q

Elbow extensor muscles

A 
Tricep Brachii (medius)
Tricep brachii (long head)
Tricep brachia (lateral head)
Anconeus
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18
Q 
Tricep Brachii (medial head)
origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
A

origin, Posteromedial surface of the distal humerus below the radicle groove and the medial intermuscular septum
insertion, Olecranon process of the ulna via the triceps tendon
nerve supply, radial nerve
main actions, extension

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19
Q 
Tricep brachii (long head)
origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
A

origin, Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
insertion, Olecranon process of the ulna via the triceps tendon
nerve supply, Radial never
main actions extension, adduction

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20
Q 
Tricep brachii (lateral head)
origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
Study These Flashcards
A

origin, Posterolateral surface of the distal humerus below the radicle groove and the lateral intermuscular septum
insertion, Olecranon process of the ulna via the triceps tendon
nerve supply. radial nerve
main actions, extension, adduction

21
Q

Anconeus

origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions

Study These Flashcards
A

origin, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion, Lateral side of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior ulna distally
nerve supply. Radial nerve
main actions, extension

22
Q

Supinators of the elbow

Study These Flashcards
A 
bicep brachii (short head)
bicep brachii (long head
supinator
23
Q

Supinator

origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions

Study These Flashcards
A

origin, Supinator crest and the fossa of the ulna
insertion, Lateral one-third of the proximal radius
nerve supply. radial nerve
main actions, supination

24
Q

Pronators of the elbow

Study These Flashcards
A

pronator quadratura

pronator teres

25
Pronator Quadratus | origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
origin, Anterior surface of the distal ulna insertion, Anterior surface of the distal radius nerve supply. median nerve main actions, pronation
26
Pronator teres | origin, insertion, nerve supply. main actions
origin, Medial epicondyle of the humerus. the coronoid process of the ulna insertion, Lateral radius distal to the insertion of the supinator muscle nerve supply. Median nerve main actions, Flexion, Pronation
27
Bones of the hand
``` distal phalanges intermediate phalange proximal phalanges metacarpals carpals ``` ``` trapezium trapezoid scaphoid hamate pisiform triquetrum lunate ```
28
Joint of the hand
``` Radialcarpal joint mid carpal joint carpometacarpal joint (CMC) Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) Proximal Interphalangeal joint (PIP) Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) ```
29
Ligaments of radio carpal and metacarpal
``` Volar radio crupal ligaments dorsal radio carpal ligament scapholunate interosseous ligament lunotriquetral ligament Doral inter carpal ligament ```
30
ligaments of the carpometacarpal joints (CMC)
transverse MC joint volar longitudinal ligaments dorsal longitudinal ligaments
31
Metacarpophalgeal joint ligaments
proper collateral ligament accessory collateral ligaments deep transverse ligament volar plate
32
Range of movements at the wrist
flexion 0-85 extension 0-80 radial deviation 0-20 ulnar deviation 0-45
33
Extrinsic finger muscles
``` plexus polliis longus abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor indicia extenso5 digiti minimi ```
34
Flexor pollicis longus | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Interosseous membrane and the anterior surface of the radius insertion, Palmar side of the distal phalanx of the 1st nerve supply, median nerve main actions, Abduction of wrist, Flexion of CMC/MCP/IP
35
Abductor pollicis longus | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Middle one third of the posterior surface of the radius and ulna insertion, Base of the 1st metacarpal bone at the radial side nerve supply, radial nerve main actions, Abduction RC/CMC of 1st
36
Extensor pollicis longus | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Posterolateral surface of the ulna insertion, Base of the distal phalanx of the 1st nerve supply, Posterior interosseous nerve main actions, Extensions of wrist, Adduction of CMC of 1st , Extension of MCP/IP of 1st
37
Extensor pollicis brevis | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Posterior surface of the distal radius insertion, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st nerve supply, Posterior interosseous nerve main actions, Abduction of RC, Extensions of CMC/MCP of 1st
38
Extensor indicia | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Posterlatral surface of the ulna and the interosseous membrane insertion, Tendons join the extensor digitorum tendon to 2nd digit and insert into the posterior digital expansion nerve supply, posterior interosseous nerve main actions, Extension of wrist, Extension of MCP/PIP/DIP of 2nd
39
Extensor digiti minimi | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus insertion, Doral digital expansion and the extensor digitorum tendon of the 5th nerve supply, Posterior interosseous nerve main actions, Extension of wrist, Abduction of MCP/PIP/DIP of 5th, Extension of MCP/PIP/DIP of 5th
40
intrinsic finger muscles
abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis adductor pollicis oblique
41
Abductor pollicis brevis | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Scaphoid and trapezium brevis insertion, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit nerve supply, median nerve main actions, abduction of CMC of 1st
42
flexor pollicis brevis | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Superficial head: the flexor retinaculum Deep head: the capitate and trapezium bones insertion, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st nerve supply, median nerve main actions, Flexion of CMC/MCP of 1st
43
Opponens pollicis flexor pollicis brevis origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Trapezium and the flexor retinaculum insertion, Radial margin of the shaft of 1st metacarpal bone nerve supply, median nerve main actions, opposition of then CMC
44
adductor pollicis oblique | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Capitate bones, the bases of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones insertion, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st nerve supply, ulnar nerve main actions, Adduction of CMC of 1st, Flexion of MCP
45
hypothenar muscles in the hand
abductor digiti minimi flexor digiti minmi opponens digiti minimi
46
abductor digiti minimi | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Pisiform bone insertion, Base of the 5th proximal phalanx on the ulnar side nerve supply, Ulnar Nerve main actions, Flexion of 1st, Extension of PIP/DIP
47
flexor digiti minimi | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum insertion, Base of 5th proximal phalanx nerve supply, ulnar nerve main actions, Flexion at CMC/MCO of 5th
48
opponens digiti minimi | origin, insertion, nerve supply, main actions
origin, Hook of the hamate and the flexor retinaculum insertion, Ulnar margin of the 5th metcarpal bone nerve supply, Ulnar nerve main actions, Opposition of 5th
49
interosseous muscles of the hand
``` first palmar interosseous second palmar interosseous third palmar interosseous second dorsal interosseous third dorsal interosseous fourth dorsal interosseous ```

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