Electircity Flashcards
(28 cards)
can neutrons be added or removed?
Yes
An electric charge can come in two forms:
Positive or negative
Exerts an electrical force
If an atom has a negative charge it has more
Electrons
If an atom has a positive charge it has more
Protons
Atoms are made up of 3 parts
Protons neutrons and electrons
A neutrally charged object is
An object with the same # of protons and electrons
How do objects gain charges?
When electrons are transferred
Static electricity is
The imbalance of electric charges on the surface of an object
What are the two types of machines used to tell if an object is charged?
- a pithball electroscope
- metal leaf electroscope
The definition of electric force is-
The force exerted by an object with an electric charge
What are the laws of electric charges??
1) objects that have opposite charges attract each other
2) objects that have like charges repel one another
The strength of the force is related to the ______ between the objects and the ____ of charge
Distance
Amount
What is an induced charge shift??
Electrons shift positions In a neutral object when a charged object is brought near it
What out of the 3 parts of the atom move
ONLY electrons move
What are the 3 types of static electricity?
Charging by friction
Charging by conduction
Charging by induction
How do objects with neutral charges become charged??
Friction!
What is charging by friction
When two NEUTRAL objects are rubbed together or come into contact and an electric charge is transferred
How is the electrostatic series arranged??
A list of materials that have been arranged according to their ability to hold onto electrons.
- the material with the stronger hold on it’s electrons will be more likely to keep them
Stronger = negative
-the material with the weaker hold on it’s electrons will be more likely to lose them when rubbed together
Weaker= positive
The weak electrons are at the top while the strong ones are at the bottom
What is charging by conduction
When two objects with different amounts of electric charge come into contact with a charge and them transferred from one object to another
(Otherwise known as charging by contact)
Electrons will move from the more negatively charged object to the less negatively charged objects
What is grounding??
Connection to an object that’s a large neutral body ( the ground, earth) that is capable of effectively removing an electric charge that the object has.
- the earth is so large it can spread out it’s electrons and maintain a neutral charge
What happens to a positively charged object when grounded
Electrons move from the ground up into the positively charged object until it becomes neutral
Can I be grounded??
When you touch another persons body you are being grounded.
The shalk you feel is the transfer of electrons.
What is a conductor ?
A material that easily allows the movement of electrons
Ex: aluminum , silver
( metals are typically conductors )
Good conductors - copper gold iron mercury silver nickel
Fair conductors - human body silicon , graphite , salt water
What is an insulator
A material that prevents or slows down the movement of electrons
Example : rubber and wood
( insulators typically have a strong hold on their electrons )
They protect us from coming into contact with conductors that are highly charged
Good insulators: wood paper rubber wool plastic wax Ebonite fur oil gas
