Electric charges and fields Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is an electric charge?
An electric charge is a physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
What are the two types of electric charges?
The two types of electric charges are positive charge and negative charge.
True or False: Like charges repel each other.
True
True or False: Opposite charges attract each other.
True
What is the unit of electric charge?
The unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C).
Fill in the blank: An electron carries a ______ charge.
negative
Fill in the blank: A proton carries a ______ charge.
positive
What is the principle of conservation of charge?
The principle of conservation of charge states that the total electric charge in an isolated system remains constant.
What is an insulator?
An insulator is a material that does not allow electric charges to flow freely.
What is a conductor?
A conductor is a material that allows electric charges to flow freely.
Which particle is responsible for electric charge?
Electrons and protons are responsible for electric charge.
What is the charge of a neutron?
A neutron has no charge; it is neutral.
What does Coulomb’s law describe?
Coulomb’s law describes the force between two charged objects.
Fill in the blank: The force between two charges is ______ proportional to the product of the charges and ______ proportional to the square of the distance between them.
directly; inversely
What is an electric field?
An electric field is a region around a charged object where other charged objects experience a force.
What is the formula for electric field strength?
Electric field strength (E) is calculated as E = F/q, where F is the force and q is the charge.
True or False: Electric fields can exist in a vacuum.
True
What is the relationship between electric charge and electric potential energy?
Electric potential energy is the energy a charged object has due to its position in an electric field.
What is a dipole?
A dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a distance.
What is the effect of distance on electric force according to Coulomb’s law?
The electric force decreases as the distance between charges increases.
What is grounding?
Grounding is the process of transferring excess charge to the Earth to neutralize an object.
Fill in the blank: The SI unit of electric potential is the ______.
volt
What is the relationship between charge and current?
Current is the flow of electric charge.
What is the formula for current?
Current (I) is defined as I = Q/t, where Q is the charge and t is the time.
