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Electrical Engineering & Electronics Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

alternating current

A

dòng điện xoay chiều

the current in which the electric charge changes direction periodically

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2
Q

amplitude

A

biên độ

the maximum distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position (from rest to crest)

độ dịch chuyển hoặc quãng đường lớn nhất mà một điểm trên một vật hoặc sóng di chuyển được đo từ vị trí cân bằng của nó

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3
Q

atom

A

nguyên tử

the smallest unit of matter (a chemical element)

đơn vị nhỏ nhất của vật chất (nguyên tố hóa học)

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4
Q

centrifugal force

A

lực ly tâm

an inertial force in Newtonian mechanics that appears to act on all objects when viewed in a rotating frame of reference

lực quán tính xuất hiện trên mọi vật nằm yên trong hệ quy chiếu quay

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5
Q

conductor

A

vật (chất) dẫn điện

a substance that allows electricity to go through it / provides easy pass for electrons / has many free electrons

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6
Q

conventional current

A

dòng điện qui ước

a flow of positive charge from positive to negative

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7
Q

cross-sectional area

A

tiết diện mặt cắt

the area of the sliced portion of an object

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8
Q

current intensity

A

cường độ dòng điện

the electrical charge that passes through a section of the conductor per second
Measured in amperes (1amp = 6.25 x 10^18 electrons/s)

số lượng điện từ đi qua tiết diện của vật dẫn trong một đơn vị thời gian nhất định

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9
Q

cycle/ period

A

chu kỳ

the time it takes for a particle on a medium to make one complete vibrational cycle

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10
Q

direct current

A

dòng điện 1 chiều

the current in which the electric charge only flows in one direction

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11
Q

electric charge

A

điện tích

the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field

tính chất vật lý của vật chất khiến nó chịu một lực khi đặt trong trường điện từ

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12
Q

electric current

A

dòng điện

a flow of negative charge(electrons) from negative to positive

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13
Q

electric field

A

điện trường

The region surrounding electrically charged particles or objects, where the influence of the electric force can be detected

một trường điện tạo ra từ các đường lực điện bao quanh lấy điện tích

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14
Q

electrode

A

điện cực

the point at which an electric current enters or leaves something

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15
Q

electron cloud

A

đám mây điện tử

the region surrounding an atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found

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16
Q

electron shell

A

lớp vỏ điện tử

a grouping of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom

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17
Q

electron

A

điện tử

a subatomic particle with a negative charge, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids

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18
Q

electrostatic

A

tĩnh điện

adjective used to talk about electric charges that are not moving, rather than electric currents

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19
Q

force of attraction

A

lực hấp dẫn/ lực hút

a force that pulls the body near due to its attraction

there are numerous attractive forces prevailing in nature. Some of them are magnetic force, electric force, electrostatic force and gravitational force

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20
Q

frequency

A

tần số

the number of times that a wave is produced within a particular period, especially one second/ directly proportional of the period

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21
Q

generator

A

máy phát

a machine that produces electrical power

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22
Q

insulator

A

vật (chất) cách điện

material or device that doesn’t let electric current flow easily/ has a few or doesn’t have free electrons

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23
Q

ionization energy

A

năng lượng i-ông hóa

the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule

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24
Q

ionization

A

i-ông hoá

the process by which electrically neutral atoms or molecules ​are converted to electrically charged (ions) through gaining or losing electrons

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25
isotope
đồng vị atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
26
lattice
dạng lưới, dạng mạng tinh thể the continuous framework in which atoms bond together
27
like charge
điện tích cùng dấu two charges that repel each other Like charges refer to positive-positive/negative-negative charges whereas unlike charges refer to positive-negative/negative-positive charges
28
molecule
phân tử the group of atoms is the smallest unit into which a substance can be divided without losing its basic nature or identity
29
multimeter
đồng hồ vạn năng also a volt-ohm meter, a handheld tester used to measure electrical voltage, current (amperage), resistance, and other value
30
nanoparticle
hạt nano a small particle ranging between 1 to 100 nanometres Undetectable by the human eye, nanoparticles can exhibit significantly different physical and chemical properties compare to their larger material counterparts
31
neutron
nơ-tron A subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei
32
nucleus
hạt nhân the positively charged central core of an atom, containing nearly all its mass The central part of an atom, usually made up of protons and neutrons
33
orbit
quỹ đạo (noun) the curved path through which objects in space move around a planet or star (verb) to follow a curved path around a planet or star
34
outermost orbit
quỹ đạo/ vòng điện tử ngoài cùng electron shell farthest from the nucleus that contains electrons
35
positive charge
điện tích dương the charge that occurs when an atom has more protons than electrons
36
potential difference
hiệu điện thế the difference in electric potential between two points in an electric field
37
proton
prô-tông a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge
38
quark
hạt quác, vi lượng one of the most basic forms of matter that make up the heavier elementary particles Atoms are made up of smaller particles - protons, neutrons and electrons - some of which are made up of even smaller ones, called quarks
39
resistance
điện trở the degree to which a substance prevents the flow of an electric current through it
40
resistivity
điện trở suất a measure of the electrical resistance of a substance
41
semiconductor
chất bán dẫn materials that have a conductivity between conductors and nonconductors or insulators
42
sodium
natri a chemical element, has symbol Na and atomic number 11
43
solution
dung dịch a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more components in which the particle size is smaller than 1 nm
44
subatomic particle
hạt hạ nguyên tử an extremely small piece of matter that is smaller than an atom or found inside an atom, such as a proton, neutron, or electron
45
substance
chất a material
46
unlike charge
điện tích trái dấu two charges that attract each other
47
voltage
điện áp the standard unit used to measure how strongly an electrical current is sent around an electrical system
48
waveform
dạng sóng the curved shape of a graph that shows a wave
49
polythene
nhựa dẻo pô-ly-ê-ti-len
50
charged body
vật thể tích điện
51
acetate
nhựa hữu cơ a-xê-tat
52
electrically charged
tích điện
53
electrically neutral
trung hòa về điện
54
matter
vật chất
55
unit of charge
đơn vị điện tích
56
electron shell
lớp vỏ điện tử
57
valence ring
vòng hóa trị
58
valence electron
điện tử hóa trị
59
conductance
độ dẫn
60
sine
hình sin
61
ion
Ion hay điện tích là một nguyên tử hay nhóm nguyên tử bị mất hay nhận thêm được một hay nhiều electron. Một ion mang điện tích âm, khi nó thu được một hay nhiều electron, được gọi là anion hay điện tích âm, và một ion mang điện tích dương khi nó mất một hay nhiều electron, được gọi là cation hay điện tích dương. Quá trình tạo ra các ion hay điện tích gọi là ion hóa.
62

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