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Physics GCSE (AQA) > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Earthing

Definition

A

Connecting the charged body to the earth via a conductor

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2
Q

Uses of static electricity

List (3)

A
  • Spray-painting
  • Printers
  • Photocopiers
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3
Q

Order of events in a photocopier

7 steps

A
  1. Original is put into the photocopier
  2. Drum is given a charge
  3. Light reflected from original is projected onto drum
  4. Drum loses charge in areas hit by light from original
  5. Toner is attracted to charged areas of drum
  6. Toner transferred from drum to paper
  7. Toner is fused to paper by heating and copy is done
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4
Q

Electric Field Lines

List (4)

A
  • Indicate the direction of force on a positively charged object
  • Show the direction of the field at any point
  • Field lines enter or leave surfaces at right angles
  • Density of lines indicate field strength
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5
Q

Static electricity

Definition

A

Charge that cannot move

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6
Q

Current

Definition

A

The rate of flow or charge

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7
Q

Charge

Equation

A

Current x Time

Q=IT

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8
Q

Open Switch

Definition

A

Stops current from flowing

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9
Q

Closed Switch

Definition

A

Allow current to flow

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10
Q

Cell

Definition

A

Source of EMF (potential difference)

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11
Q

Battery

Defintion

A
  • Provides EMF (potential difference)
  • Collection of cells
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12
Q

Diode

Definition

A
  • Allows current to flow in one direction

* When going forward=less resistance
* Other direction=More resistance

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13
Q

Resistor

Definition

A

Limits current by providing a set resistance in a circuit

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14
Q

Variable resistor

Definition

A

A resistor that can change its resistance

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15
Q

LED

Definition

A

A diode that emits light

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16
Q

Bulb

Definition

A

Converts electrical energy into light and heat energy

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17
Q

Fuse

Definition

A

Reduces current output for safety by melting if current gets oo high

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18
Q

Voltmeter

Definition

A

Measures potential difference

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19
Q

Ammeter

Definition

A

Measures current

20
Q

Thermistor

Definition

A
  • Decreases resistance as temperature increases
  • Resistance changes in response to temperature
21
Q

LDR

Definition

A

Resistance changes in response to light

22
Q

Series circuit

Definition

A

Only one path for current to flow through

23
Q

Parallel circut

Definition

A

More than one path for current to flow through

24
Q

Energy

Electricity 1

A

Charge x Potential difference

E=QV

25
Q

Potential Difference

Definition

A

The electrical energy transferred per unit of charge when electrical energy is converted into another form of energy

26
Q

Potential Difference

Equation

A

Current x Resistance

V=IR

27
Q

Resistor

Practical Summary

A

The graph should be a straight line through the origin

28
Q

Filament Bulb

Practical Summary

A

The graph sould be an S-shape

29
Q

Diode

Practical Summary

A

The graph is flat on 0 when in the negatives, but then curves up in the positives

30
Q

Rules for a Parallel Circuit

List (2)

A
  1. The potential difference across each branch is the same
  2. The total current in the main circuit is the sum of the current through the components
31
Q

Alternating Current

Definition

A

Current that oscilates back and forth/ changes direction

32
Q

Potential Difference of Mains Electricity

A

230V

33
Q

Frequency of Mains Electricity

A

50Hz

34
Q

Direct Current

Definition

A

Current that only flows in one direction

35
Q

Frequency

Equation

A

1/time for one wave

F=1/T

36
Q

Amplitude of Signal

Equation

A

Y-gain setting x Amplitude(cm)

37
Q

Tine for one wave

Equation

A

time base setting x wavelength(cm)

38
Q

Earth Wire

List (2)

A
  • Green and Yellow
  • Safety wire to stop appliance from going live
39
Q

Neutral wire

List (2)

A
  • Blue
  • Stays as close to 0V with respect to earth
40
Q

Live wire

List (2)

A
  • Brown
  • Alternates between positive and negative potential difference with respect to neutral
41
Q

Why do plugs have fuses?

A

If there is a high current, the fuse gets hot and melts, breaking the circuit and stopping any more current from flowing

42
Q

RCCB

A

Residual Current Circuit Breaker

43
Q

Step-up transformers

Use (2)

A
  • Used at power stations to transfer electricity to the National Grid
  • Used to make the size of the alternating potential difference much bigger, so the current is smaller
44
Q

Step-down transformers

Use (1)

A

Used to supply electricity from the National Grid to consumers

45
Q

Power

Equations (3)

A
  1. Energy transferred/ time
    P=E/T
  2. Current x p.d
    P=IV
  3. current ^ x resistance
    P=I^R

Physics GCSE (AQA) (6 decks)

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