electricity Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is electricity?
Electricity is the movement of electrical charge, usually carried by electrons in a wire.
What charge do electrons have?
Electrons have a negative charge.
What is electric current?
Electric current is the flow of electrons through a conductor, like a wire.
What are protons?
Positively charged atomic particles.
What are neutrons?
Uncharged atomic particles.
What is required for all circuits?
A power supply, a load, and a conduction path.
What is the relationship between resistance and current in a series circuit?
More components increase resistance and decrease current.
What is a parallel circuit?
A circuit where multiple components are connected across the same two points, creating several paths for current.
What is conduction?
Heat transfer through direct contact between molecules or particles.
What is radiation?
Heat transfer through electromagnetic radiation.
What is heat?
The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another, driven by a temperature difference.
What is infrared radiation?
A type of radiant energy that is invisible to the eyes.
What is a load in a circuit?
The component or device that uses electrical power.
Fill in the blank: The higher the voltage, the ______ will flow.
more current
True or False: In parallel circuits, the total current is the sum of the individual currents through each branch.
True
What are conductors?
Materials that allow the flow of electric current. Examples: Copper, aluminum.
What are insulators?
Materials that do not allow electricity to pass through them. Examples: Plastic, rubber.
What is the formula for total voltage in a series circuit?
VT = V1 + V2 + V3 + …
What is the relationship between current and voltage in series circuits?
The current is the same throughout all components.
What is the relationship between current and voltage in parallel circuits?
The voltage across each component is the same.
What is convection?
The transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, where warmer, less dense parts rise and cooler, denser parts sink
Example: Boiling water in a pot creates a convection current.
How does radiation transfer heat?
Through electromagnetic waves, without requiring a medium
Example: The warmth felt from sunlight is due to radiation.
How can a circuit be described?
As a closed loop or pathway that allows electric current to flow.
What is the standard unit of electrical current?
Ampere (A).
