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Electricity Flashcards

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0
Q

What will placing 2 neutral objects close to each other do?

A

Nothing

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1
Q

What objects attract neutrally charged object?

A

Positively charged an negatively charged objects attract neutral objects

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2
Q

What charge do neutral objects have?

A

No charge

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3
Q

Neutral objects have more protons, electrons, or equal numbers of protons an electrons

A

Equal numbers of protons and electrons

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4
Q

What do positively charged objects attract?

A

Neutral and Negatively Charged objects

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5
Q

What will putting 2 positively charged objects together do?

A

Make the objects Repel

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6
Q

What do negatively charged objects attract?

A

Positively charged and Neutrally charged objects

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7
Q

What happens when 2 negatively charged objects are brought close together?

A

The objects repel

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8
Q

What happens if two objects of different materials are rubbed against each other?

A

The object lower on the electrostatic chart will receive a negative charge while the object higher on the chart will receive a positive charge (the higher object gives electrons to the lower object)

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9
Q

What happens if two neutral objects of different materials are rubbed together? What type of electricity is being formed? Rubbing one of these objects against another neutral object can do what?

A

One object receives a positive charge while the other object receives a negative charge.
Static electricity is formed.
Rubbing one if these objects against a neutral object can temporarily attract the neutral object.

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10
Q

What is an electrostatic series?

A

A list of materials arranged in order of their tendency to gain electrons

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11
Q

What do conductors do?

A

Conductors allow the transfer of electrons and help transfer electricity

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12
Q

Give an example of a conductor of electricity.

A

Copper Wire

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13
Q

How do objects get charged by friction? What type of electricity is being formed?

A

In friction, 2 neutral objects of different materials are rubbed against each other. One object receives a positive charge and the other object receives a negative charge.
Static Electricity is being formed during friction

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14
Q

How do you predict the outcome of an electrostatic series?

A

The object on the higher level on the electrostatic chart of the chart will lose electrons and the object on the lower level will gain electrons

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15
Q

What is an insulator and what is it used for? Give an example of an insulator?

A

insulator - Does not allow the transfer of
electricity
- Used to insulate conductors
- Example: Plastic

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16
Q

Sketch the symbol for grounding?

A

–
..

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17
Q

What is the point of grounding?

A

To prevent getting an electric shock when touching an object

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18
Q

How does grounding work? What happens to extra electrons?

A

The object is connected to the ground through a conductor (usually a wire)
Extra electrons are spread throughout earth

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19
Q

How does charging by conduction work for two oppositely charged objects?

A
  1. Two oppositely charged objects are in contact with each other
  2. The more negative object will transfer electrons to the less negative object
  3. Both objects will then have the same type and amount of charge
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20
Q

How does charging by conduction work for a charged object and a neutral object?

A
  1. The charge object is in contact with the neutral object
  2. The more negative object will transfer electrons to the less negative object
  3. Both object will have the same type and amount of charge
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21
Q

What happens during charging by conduction to any object?

A

The object with more charge transfers it’s extra charge to the other object

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22
Q

Define electrical discharge.

A

Electric Discharge: Transfer of Electric Charge from one object to another

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23
Q

How does an electric discharge occur?

A

An Electric Discharge occurs when two objects that have a Charge Imbalance are brought Close Together or come in Contact, electrons are transferred from one object to the other

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24
How do lightning rods prevent houses from damage from electrical discharges such as lightning?
Lightning rods ground the house so the extra electrons from a lightning strike are grounded and there is no damage (such as fire) done to the house
25
How does Charging by Induction work if there is no grounding wires involved? What happens if the charged object is positive? What happens if the charged object is negative? Is the neutral object temporarily charged or permanently charged? What happens when the charged object is taken away?
A charged object is placed near a neutral object If the charged object is positive, the electrons will move closer to the charged object (one side becomes positive and the other side becomes negative) If the charged object is negative, the electrons will move farther away from the charged object (one side becomes positive and the other side becomes negative) The neutral object is temporarily charged When the Charged object is taken away the Electrons will move back to their original position
26
How does charging by induction work if there are grounding wires that are attached? What happens if the charged object is positive? What happened if the charged object is negative?
The charged object is placed near the neutral object The grounding wire is attached between the neutral object and the ground. If the charged object is positive, the electrons will move close to the charged object. The neutral object will gain electrons from the ground which makes the neutral object negatively charged. If the charged object is negative, the electrons will move away from the charged object to the ground which makes the neutral object positively charged.
27
What is current electricity?
The controlled flow of electrons through a conductor
28
What are the four main parts of a circuit?
Load Switch Conducting Wires Batteries
29
What does the load do in an electric circuit?
Th load converts electrical energy in the electric circuit into another type of energy such as a Light Bulb
30
What does a switch do in an electric circuit?
The switch controls the flow of electricity in the electric circuit
31
What does the conducting wire do in an electric circuit?
A switch allows the flow of electrons in the electric circuit
32
What do batteries do in an electric circuit?
Batteries provide electricity to the electric circuit
33
Define electric charge
A form of charge, either positive or negative, that exerts an electric force
34
Define neutral object
An object that has equal numbers of protons and electrons
35
Negatively charged object
An object that has more electrons than protons
36
Define positively charged object
An object that has fewer electrons than protons
37
Define static electricity
An imbalance of electric charge on the surface of an object
38
Define electric force
The force exerted by an object with an electric charge; can be a force of attraction or a force of repulsion
39
Define induced charge separation
A shift in the position of electrons in a neutral object that occurs when a charged object is brought near it
40
Define charging by friction
The transfer of electrons between two neutral objects (made from different material) that occurs when they are rubbed together or come in contact (touch)
41
Define electrostatic series
A list of materials arranged in order of their tendency to gain electrons
42
Define charging by conduction
Charging an object by contact with a charged object
43
Define a conductor.
A material that allows electrons to move easily through it.
44
Define insulator
A material that does not easily allow the movement of electrons through it
45
Define charging by abduction
Charging a neutral object by bringing another charged object close to, but not touching, the neutral object
46
Define electric discharge
The rapid transfer of electric charge from one object to another
47
Define conductor
A material that lets electrons move easily through it
48
Define grounding
Connecting an object to a large body like Earth, that is capable of effectively removing an electric charge that the object might have.
49
Define current electricity
The controlled flow of electrons through a conductor
50
Define electric circuit
A continuous path in which electrons can flow
51
What is a load
The part of an electric circuit that converts electrical energy into other forms of energy
52
Define switch
A device in an electric circuit controls the flow of electrons by opening (or closing) the circuit
53
Define electrical energy
The energy provided by the flow of electrons in an electric circuit
54
Define electric cell
A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy
55
Primary cell
An electric cell that may only Be used once
56
Define secondary cell
An electric cell that can be recharged
57
Define direct current (dc)
A flow of electrons that in one direction through an electric circuit
58
Define alternating current (AC)
A flow of electrons that alternates in direction in an electric circuit
59
Define renewable resource
Natural energy resource that is unlimited (for example energy from the Sun or wind) or can be replenished by natural processes in a relatively short period of time (for example, biomass)
60
Define non-renewable resource
A resource that cannot be replaced as quickly as it is consumed
61
Define biomass
Any biological material (including plants and animals)
62
Define photovoltaic cell
A device that converts light energy from any light source directly into electrical energy
63
Define electrical power
The rate at which electrical energy is produced or used
64
Define kilowatt-hour (kW-h)
The SI unit for measuring electrical energy usage; the use of one kilowatt of power for one hour
65
Define efficiency
Comparison of the energy output of a device with the energy supplied
66
Define circuit diagram
A way of drawing an electric circuit using standard symbols
67
Define series circuit
A circuit in which the loads are connected end to end so that there is only one path for electrons to flow
68
Define parallel circuit
A circuit in which the loads are connected by branches so that there are two or more paths for electrons to flow
69
Define electric current (I)
A measure of the rate of electron flow past a given point in a circuit; measured in amperes (A)
70
Define ammeter
A device used to measure electric current
71
Define potential difference (voltage) (V)
The difference in electric potential energy per unit charge measured at two different points; measured in volts (V)
72
Voltmeter
A device used to measure potential difference (voltage)
73
Define electrical resistance (R)
The ability of a material to oppose the flow of electric current; measured in ohms
74
Define ohmmeter
A device used to measure resistance
75
Define resistor
A device that reduces the flow of electric current
76
Define Ohm's law
The straight-line relationship between voltage and current; R=V\I

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