Electricity and Circuits Flashcards
(46 cards)
In the atom, which particles can be found in the nucleus and which can be found orbiting the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus, electrons orbit around the nucleus.
Conventional current goes:
From positive to negative
Electrons flow:
From negative to positive
In this type of circuit there is just one route the current can take around the circuit. Components cannot be switched on and off separately.
Series circuit
In this type of circuit there are junctions that allow the current to take different routes. Components can be switched on and off separately.
Parallel circuit
What component is represented as a symbol with a X in?
A light bulb
What component is represented as a symbol with an A in?
An ammeter
What component is represented as a symbol with a V in?
a voltmeter
Where in a circuit should an ammeter be placed?
in Series with the component
Where in a circuit should a voltmeter be placed?
in Parallel with the component
Current is measured in
Amps (A) (also called Amperes)
Voltage (aka Potential difference) is measured in
Volts (V)
What happens to the current that flows into a junction?
Current is conserved - current splits at a junction to travel along different branches, but the total amount entering the junction is the same as the total amount leaving.
In a parallel circuit, the total ____________________ across each branch of the circuit is the same. When there is more than one component in each branch of a circuit the ______________________ across all the components add up to give the total supplied by the cell or battery.
Potential difference, or voltage, in Volts.
What is the equation that links Charge, Current, and time
Charge (C) = Current (A) x time (s)
Q = I x t
What is the unit for Charge?
Coulombs (C)
What electrical quantity is represented by the letter Q?
Charge
What electrical quantity is represented by the letter I?
Current
What is the equation that relates electric charge, potential difference and energy transferred in a circuit?
Energy transferred (J) = charge moved (Q) x potential difference (V)
What is electrical resistance?
The opposition to the flow of electrons. It is measured in ohms (symbol is a Greek letter omega Ω)
What is the equation that links voltage, current and resistance?
Voltage (V) = current (A) x resistance (Ω)
What happens to total resistance if you combine two resistors in series?
The total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances
What happens to total resistance if you combine two resistors in parallel?
The total resistance is always less than either of the individual resistances
This component is non-ohmic. The resistance is very high when the current flows in the negative direction, but low when the current flows in the positive direction.
Diode