Electricity and Magnetism Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is Static Charge/Static Electricity?
When an electric charge builds up on one object and transfers from that object to another
Electric Shock/Discharge
The electric force of objects wanting to attract ex. lightning, van de graff generator
Electric Field
The area around an electric charge that experiences force exerted by that charge (repulsion or attraction)
Electric Field lines
Show the direction of electric force
Insulators
A material that doesn’t allow for electrons to easily pass through ex. rubber, glass,plastic, fiber, styrofoam, wood
Conductors
materials that electron can easily pass through ex. metal, water, people copper
Resistors
resists the flow of electrons, but still lets them through ex. heating coils in a toaster, lightbulb
Electric Current
created by moving electric currents; measured by the amount of charge that flows by a certain point every second (movement of charged partices) (Amperes (A))
Amp
the SI unit for electric current
Direct Current
The electric charges in the current move in only one direction
Alternating Current
A flow of electric charges that alternate direction periodically
Circuit
A closed conducting loop
Series Circuit
When there is only one way an electron can move through a circuit
Parallel Circuit
The electrons take more than one path
Battery
Provide the energy source that pushed the electric charge around a circuit
Voltage
The amount of potential energy an electron in a circuit can gain
Resistance
Measured in ohms, measures how difficult it is for electrons to travel through something
Ohms law
when resistance decreases, current increses (volts = amps x r
Power
the rate at which electrical energy is transformed into other forms of energy (measured in watts (current x voltage))
pole
a strongly charged region of a magnet
Magnetic field
the area around a magnet that exhibits magnetic force
Magnetic field lines
Show the direction and strength of the magnetic field
Electromagnetism
electric charges in motion create magnetic fields
Motors
uses the attractive and repulsive forces between current carrying wires to convert electrical energy into kinetic
