Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Science > Electricity AT2 Year 9 > Flashcards

Electricity AT2 Year 9 Flashcards

(53 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Biogas

A

Renewable source produced by the breakdown of organic matter (food waste and animal manure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Biomass

A

Renewable source derived from organic materials (mainly plants and algae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Coal

A

Non-renewable source burned to produce steam that drives turbines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Crude Oil

A

Non-renewable source derived from remains of ancient marine organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gas

A

Non-renewable source formed deep beneath the earths surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nuclear

A

Non-renewable source derived from nucleus of atoms, specifically nuclear fission or fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Photovoltaic (solar)

A

Renewable source converts sunlight directly into electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Wind

A

Renewable source harnesses kinetic energy of the wind into electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hydroelectric

A

Renewable source harnesses kinetic energy of moving water to electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

coal power station flow chart

A

furnace -> boiler -> turbine -> generator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

furnace coal

A

Coal or gas is burned in a furnace, this creates lots of heat energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

boiler coal

A

Heat from the furnace is used to boil water in a boiler, turns water into steam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Turbine coal

A

High pressure steam is sent to a turbine, steam spins turbine blades very fast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Generator coal

A

Turbine is connected to a generator, as turbine spins, it turns generator, which changes kinetic energy into electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

electricity generated in nuclear power stations

A

Reactor Core -> Coolant System -> Turbine -> Generator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

reactor core nuclear

A

Inside are fuel rods made of uranium, rods go through nuclear fission (split and release heat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

coolant system nuclear

A

heat from reactor core is transferred into water, acts as a coolant. Water gets hot and turns into steam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

turbine nuclear

A

Steam flows through a turbine, causing turbine to spin quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

generator nuclear

A

Turbine is connected to a generator, as it spins it produces electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

wind turbines generation

A

Wind blows and turns blade on turbine
Blades spin turbine in machine
Spinning turbine turns generator, produces electricity
Faster wind, more electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Photovoltaic cells generation

A

Flat panels that collect sunlight
Materials to convert sunlight directly into electricity
Only sunlight needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hydroelectric power generation

Study These Flashcards
A

kinetic energy from Water from river or dam spins turbine
Moving water energy spins turbine, connected to generator
Generator produces electricity

23
Q

Explain how maintaining internal temperature of 37 degrees allows chemical reactions (respiration) in cells to occur at the optimum rate


Study These Flashcards
A

By maintaining an internal temperature of 37 degrees, the body ensures that enzymes involved with cell respiration are in their most active state, facilitating the highest production of ATP in cells possible.

24
Q

Define homeostasis 


Study These Flashcards
A

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment within narrow limits

25
Describe the process of maintaining a stable pH in the body through the continuous excretion of carbon dioxide.

The body continuously excretes carbon dioxide because it decreases the pH of the blood, therefore making it more acidic.
26
Explain that the nervous system sends rapid signals via electrochemical impulses.

The nervous system uses electrochemical impulses to send fast messages through nerves, helping your body respond faster to the stimulus
27
coal pros and cons
pros: Reliable Always can produce energy cons:Produces alot of CO2 Mining coal damages enviroment Will eventually run out
28
nuclear pros and cons
pros: Large amount of electricity with low carbon emissions Very efficient cons: Radioactive waste is dangerous and must be stored properly Power stations are expensive
29
solar pros and cons
pros: Uses energy from sun No CO2 pollution Can be used in homes or remote areas cons:Needs sun to work Expensive to install Produces smaller amounts of electricity
30
atoms
Made of protons, neutrons and electrons
31
protons
Positively charged
32
electrons
Negative charge
33
charge
the number of electrons in an area (measured in coulombs (C))
34
current
flow of charge (electrons), measured in amps (A)
35
voltage
The energy per electron to do work in the circuit, measured in voltage (V)
36
resistance
Opposition to the flow of charge, measured in Ohms (Ω)
37
what are the required components of a working circuit
voltage source, load/components, closed circuit
38
Ohms law
When a resistor is kept at a constant temperature, its resistance will remain unchanged. Calculate resistance: Voltage = current x resistance
39
power
energy transferred per second P=E/t
40
glands
Glands all over the body produce hormones that help control important bodily functions. e.g. pituitary gland, thyroid gland and pancreas
41
Explain how the endocrine system sends signals via hormones.
Gland detects change in body or receives a message from the CNS Gland releases hormone into bloodstream Hormone travels through blood to target cells or organs
42
Identify stimulus, receptor, control centre, effector, response in thermo regulation
Stimulus - Too hot or cold Receptor - Temperature receptors in skin and hypothalamus detect change Control center - Hypothalamus compares current temperature to normal temperature Effector - Sweat glands, blood vessels and muscles Response - Hot, sweat and vasodilate; Cold, shiver and vasoconstrict
43
Explain how hormones deliver messages that take longer to transmit via blood but last for long periods of time.

Hormones deliver messages throughout the body via the bloodstream. takes time and last longer because: -takes times to produce hormones -takes time for hormones to travel -Hormones only target specific cell receptors
44
Components in CNS

Brain - controls thinking, memory, emotions and decisions Spinal cord - carries messages between brain and body
45
Components in PNS

Sensory Neurons - carry sensory info to CNS from receptors Motor Neurons - carry messages/impulses from CNS to muscles and glands
46
Reflex Arc

Fast automatic response to danger or pain
47
Reflex Arc flow chart


stimulus -> sensory receptor -> sensory neuron -> relay neuron -> motor neuron -> effector organ -> response
48
Insulin

Hormone released when blood sugar is too high
49
Glucagon


Hormone released when blood sugar is too low
50
Glycogen


stored glucose
51
Word equation for aerobic respiration 


Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
52
high blood glucose levels 

blood glucose rises-> chemoreceptors in pancreas detect rise -> insulin released from beta cells in pancreas -> insulin signals liver to absorb glucose and convert to glycogen for storage -> blood levels are lowered
53
low blood glucose levels 

blood glucose low -> pancreatic cells detect drop -> glucagon released from alpha cells in pancreas -> stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose -> blood glucose rises

Science (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions