ELECTROCHEMISTRY

Question 2

What is electrolysis?

Answer 2

Electrolysis is a chemical process that uses electricity to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.

Question 3

What are electrolytes?

Answer 3

Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in a solvent, allowing them to conduct electricity.

Question 4

What are the three types of electrolytes?

Answer 4

The three types of electrolytes are acids, bases (alkalis), and salts.

Question 5

What is the role of the cathode in electrolysis?

Answer 5

The cathode is the electrode where reduction occurs, gaining electrons during the electrolysis process.

Question 6

What is the role of the anode in electrolysis?

Answer 6

The anode is the electrode where oxidation occurs, losing electrons during the electrolysis process.

Question 7

True or False: Electrolysis can only occur in liquid solutions.

Answer 7

False. Electrolysis can occur in molten salts or in aqueous solutions.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: During electrolysis, the positive electrode is called the ______.

Answer 8

anode

Question 9

Fill in the blank: During electrolysis, the negative electrode is called the ______.

Answer 9

cathode

Question 10

What happens to anions at the anode during electrolysis?

Answer 10

Anions are oxidized and lose electrons at the anode.

Question 11

What happens to cations at the cathode during electrolysis?

Answer 11

Cations are reduced and gain electrons at the cathode.

Question 12

Which type of electrolyte is hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

Answer 12

Hydrochloric acid is an example of a strong acid electrolyte.

Question 13

Which type of electrolyte is sodium chloride (NaCl)?

Answer 13

Sodium chloride is an example of a salt electrolyte.

Question 14

What is the primary product of electrolysis of water?

Answer 14

The primary products of the electrolysis of water are hydrogen and oxygen gases.

Question 15

What is the significance of the electrochemical series in electrolysis?

Answer 15

The electrochemical series helps predict the products of electrolysis based on the reactivity of ions.

Question 16

True or False: Electrolytes can be solid, liquid, or gas.

Answer 16

False. Electrolytes are typically solid in their ionic form but conduct electricity when in liquid or dissolved states.

Question 17

What is the effect of increasing the concentration of an electrolyte on the rate of electrolysis?

Answer 17

Increasing the concentration of an electrolyte generally increases the rate of electrolysis.

Question 18

What is Faraday’s first law of electrolysis?

Answer 18

Faraday’s first law states that the mass of a substance deposited or dissolved at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte.

Question 19

What is Faraday’s second law of electrolysis?

Answer 19

Faraday’s second law states that the mass of a substance deposited at an electrode is directly proportional to its equivalent weight.

Question 20

What is a common use of electrolysis in industry?

Answer 20

A common use of electrolysis in industry is the extraction of metals from their ores.

Question 21

What is the process of electroplating?

Answer 21

Electroplating is a process that uses electrolysis to deposit a layer of metal onto a surface.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The process of separating chemical substances using electrical energy is called ______.

Answer 22

electrolysis

Question 23

What ions are produced at the anode when sodium chloride solution is electrolyzed?

Answer 23

Chlorine gas (Cl2) is produced at the anode.

Question 24

What is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of a dilute sulfuric acid solution?

Answer 24

Hydrogen gas (H2) is produced at the cathode.

Question 25

What does the term 'electrolytic cell' refer to?

Answer 25

An electrolytic cell is a device that uses electrolysis to drive a chemical reaction.

Question 26

What is the primary purpose of using a salt bridge in an electrolytic cell?

Answer 26

The salt bridge maintains electrical neutrality by allowing the flow of ions between the two half-cells.

Question 27

What is the typical voltage required to initiate electrolysis?

Answer 27

The typical voltage required can vary but is often between 1.5 to 3 volts, depending on the electrolyte.

Question 28

True or False: The products of electrolysis are always gases.

Answer 28

False. The products can be gases, liquids, or solids depending on the electrolyte and conditions.

Question 29

What is an example of an alkali used in electrolysis?

Answer 29

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is an example of an alkali used in electrolysis.

Question 30

What is the effect of temperature on the conductivity of an electrolyte?

Answer 30

Increasing temperature generally increases the conductivity of an electrolyte.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide produces ______ at the cathode.

Answer 31

lead

Question 32

What is the main difference between strong and weak electrolytes?

Answer 32

Strong electrolytes completely dissociate into ions in solution, while weak electrolytes partially dissociate.

Question 33

What is the purpose of using a direct current (DC) in electrolysis?

Answer 33

DC is used to provide a constant direction of electron flow, essential for the electrolysis process.

Question 34

What is produced at the anode during the electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution?

Answer 34

Oxygen gas (O2) is produced at the anode.

Question 35

What happens to the pH of a solution during electrolysis?

Answer 35

The pH of the solution may change due to the production of H+ or OH- ions at the electrodes.

Question 36

How does the presence of impurities affect electrolysis?

Answer 36

Impurities can affect the efficiency and products of electrolysis, often leading to unwanted side reactions.

Question 37

True or False: Electrolysis can be used for water purification.

Answer 37

True. Electrolysis can be used to purify water by removing contaminants.

Question 38

What is one environmental application of electrolysis?

Answer 38

Electrolysis can be used to produce hydrogen fuel from water, contributing to renewable energy solutions.

Question 39

What is the effect of electrode material on the electrolysis process?

Answer 39

The electrode material can influence the efficiency and products of electrolysis due to its conductivity and reactivity.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: In electrolysis, the flow of electrons is from the ______ to the anode.

Answer 40

cathode

Question 41

What is the term for the process of breaking down a compound into its elements using electricity?

Answer 41

Electrolysis

Question 42

What is an example of a compound that can be broken down by electrolysis?

Answer 42

Water (H2O) can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gases by electrolysis.

Question 43

What is a potential hazard during electrolysis?

Answer 43

A potential hazard is the production of explosive gases, such as hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 44

Fill in the blank: The process of electrolysis requires a ______ to complete the circuit.

Answer 44

power source

Question 45

What is the faraday constant?

Answer 45

96 500 c per mol