Electrolysis Flashcards
Electrolysis is the process of
using electricity to break down or deocmpose a compound
State the 3 main components needed for a electrolytic cell.
Battery
Electrolyte
Electrode
Purpose of Battery
-acts as an ‘electron pump’ and draws electron away from the anode
-anode becomes positively charged
-electrons are pumped out at negative terminal
-electrons supplied to cathode which becomes negatively charged
Purpose of Electrolyte
conduct electricity
free moving ions allow electricity to flow through
is a molten ionic compound /aq solution
decomposed to form cations and anions
Purpose of Electrodes
conduct electricity
usually carbon
electrode connected to positive terminal is called anode
electrode connected to negative terminal is called cathode
Method of conduction of electrical conductors(metals)
electricity is conducted by the flow of electrons from one end to the other end of the conductor
Method of conduction of electrolytic conductors
electricity is conducted by the movement of positive ions and negative ions across the molten of aqueous electrolyte
Effect of conduction by metal
remain chemically unchanged when an electric current flows through them.
Effect of conduction on electrolytic conductors
electrolytes are decomposed to form new substances when they conduct electricity
Preference of discharge of cations
Less reactive metals below H are preferentially discharged during electrolysis
Selective discharge of anions
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OH- give up electrons most readily during electrolysis to form water and oxygen
An anion in higher con. is more/less readily discharged?
MORE.
Electrolysis of water
4OH- –> 2H2O +O2 +4e-
2H+ +2E- –> H2
What is electroplating?
the process of depositing a layer of metal on another substance using electrolysis
What is a simple cell?
device that convert chemical energy into electrical energy, AKA electric cell
