Electrolyte Imbalance Flashcards
(33 cards)
Most abundant extracellular fluid cation
Sodium
Inverse relationship to potassium
Sodium
Functions of sodium
Most abundant extracellular fluid cation.
Assists in acid-based balance and fluid balance
Inverse relationship to potassium
Assists in maintenance of stable BP
Assists in the function of the nervous system.
Hyponatremia
Low sodium
Hypernatremia
High sodium
Foods high in sodium
Soups, canned food, processed foods, pizza, ham, bacon, sausage, cheese, cold cuts, cottage cheese, veg juice, dressing
Major intracellular fluid cation (2nd most abundant cation in body).
Potassium
Inverse relationship to sodium
Potassium
Potassium functions
Assists in regulation of muscle contractions, fluid balance, and
BP.
Assists in maintenance of stable BP
Assists in nerve impulses
Foods High in Potassium
Banana, avocado, spinach, baked potato, sweet potato, beans, lentils
Regulated by PTH and calcitonin
Calcium
Inverse relationship to phosphorus
Calcium
Where is calcium stored?
Bones
Where is calcium excreted?
Renal system
Calcium functions
Necessary for muscles contraction, essential for normal functioning of many enzymes, hormones, blood clotting, normal heart rhythm.
Foods high in calcium
Dairy foods, green leafy vegetables, seeds, sardines, canned salmon, beans, lentils, almonds, fortified cereal
Second most prevalent ICF cation
Magnesium
Functions of magnesium
Assists in regulation of muscle contraction and nerve function.
Essential for ATP generation and calcium transport
Inverse relationship to phosphorus
Magnesium
Phosphorus is located
85% in bones
Phosphorus functions
Necessary for bone formation and ATP formation.
Important for cellular function.
Foods high in magnesium
Dark chocolate, almonds, cashews, salmon, spinach, avocado, pumpkin seeds, legumes, tofu
Foods high in phosphorus
Milk, cheese, chocolate, egg yolks, fish, beef, chicken, organ meats, nuts, beans, lentils, colas (drinks with phosphate additives)
Sodium levels
135-145
