Electrolyte Imbalance Youtube Info Flashcards
(15 cards)
K+ING Potassium 3.5-5
Potassium’s function: Maintain Heart and Muscle contraction
HYPERKALEMIA signs and symptoms:
K+ING Potassium 3.5-5
Potassium’s function: Maintain Heart and Muscle contraction
HYPERKALEMIA signs and symptoms: “Tight and Contracted”
Heart - tight and contracted, “hyper-heart” -
1) ST elevation and Peaked T waves.
2) Severe = V-fib or cardiac standstill!
3) Hypotension, Bradycardia.
GI Tract - tight and contracted -
1) Diarrhea.
2) Hyperactive bowel sounds.
Neuromuscular- tight and contracted -
1) Paralysis in Extremities (paresthesias or numbness).
2) Increased DTR (Deep Tendon Reflexes).
3) Profound muscle weakness (general feeling of heaviness).
K+ING Potassium 3.5-5
Potassium’s function: Maintain Heart and Muscle contraction.
HYPOKALEMIA: signs and symptoms - “Low and Slow”
K+ING Potassium 3.5-5
Potassium’s function: Maintain Heart and Muscle contraction.
HYPOKALEMIA: signs and symptoms - “Low and Slow”
Heart - low and slow -
1) Flat T waves, ST depression, prominent U waves.
Muscular- low and slow -
1) Decreased DTR (deep tendon reflexes).
2) Muscle cramping - “eat a banana”.
3) Flaccid paralysis (paralyzed limbs).
GI Tract - low and slow -
1) Decreased motility, hypoactive to absent bowel sounds.
2) Constipation.
3) Abdominal distention.
4) Paralytic ileus, paralyzed intestines (priority for SBO-small bowel obstruction).
“Salty Sodium NA+ 135-145.
Three functions: 1)BP. 2)Blood Volume. 3)PH Balance.
“Big and Bloated like Santa Claus”
HYPERNATREMIA signs and symptoms:
“Salty Sodium NA+ 135-145.
Three functions: 1)BP. 2)Blood Volume. 3)PH Balance.
“Big and Bloated like Santa Claus”
HYPERNATREMIA signs and symptoms:
Skin -
1) Flush “Red and Rosy”.
2) Edema “Waterbed Skin”
3) Low grade fever.
Polydipsia (excess thirst) -
Late Serious Signs - (NCLEX tips) -
1) Swollen dry tongue - “Red Beefy Tongue”.
2) GI = Nausea and Vomiting.
3) Increased Muscle Tone.
“Salty Sodium NA+ 135-145.
Three functions: 1)BP. 2)Blood Volume. 3)PH Balance.
“Flat, depressed and deflated like Mrs Claus”.
HYPONATREMIA signs and symptoms:
“Salty Sodium NA+ 135-145.
Three functions: 1)BP. 2)Blood Volume. 3)PH Balance.
“Flat, depressed and deflated like Mrs Claus”.
HYPONATREMIA signs and symptoms:
Neuro = Seizures and Coma.
Heart = Tachycardia and Weak Thready pulse.
Respiratory Arrest!
“Like the athlete who sweat out all of his sodium” - aka Heat Stroke!
Four-eyed Chloride always follows her sister around, salty Sodium, and does everything her sister does. Main function is same as salty sodium. Range 98-106 mEq/L.
Chloride’s 3 functions: 1)Blood Volume. 2)BP. 3)PH Balance.
HYPERCHLOREMIA signs and symptoms:
Four-eyed Chloride always follows her sister around, salty Sodium, and does everything her sister does. Main function is same as salty sodium. Range 98-106 mEq/L.
Chloride’s 3 functions: 1)Blood Volume. 2)BP. 3)PH Balance.
HYPERCHLOREMIA signs and symptoms:
1) Nausea and Vomiting.
2) Swollen Dry Tongue.
3) Confusion.
Four-eyed Chloride always follows her sister around, salty Sodium, and does everything her sister does. Main function is same as salty sodium. Range 98-106 mEq/L.
Chloride’s 3 functions: 1)Blood Volume. 2)BP. 3)PH Balance.
HYPOCHLOREMIA signs and symptoms:
Four-eyed Chloride always follows her sister around, salty Sodium, and does everything her sister does. Main function is same as salty sodium. Range 98-106 mEq/L.
Chloride’s 3 functions: 1)Blood Volume. 2)BP. 3)PH Balance.
HYPOCHLOREMIA signs and symptoms:
1) Excessive Diarrhea, Vomiting, Sweating.
2) Fever - “test tip” - really only difference!
Magnum Magnesium 1.3-2.1
Function: Law and Order in the muscles - Calms them down, keeps the peace mainly in heart, uterus, deep tendon reflexes. Magnesium’s best friend is Calcium = “Cal-Mag”.
Required for: 1)Calcium absorption. 2)Vitamin D absorption.
HYPERMAGNESEMIA signs and symptoms:
Magnum Magnesium 1.3-2.1
Function: Law and Order in the muscles - Calms them down, keeps the peace mainly in heart, uterus, deep tendon reflexes. Magnesium’s best friend is Calcium = “Cal-Mag”.
Required for: 1)Calcium absorption. 2)Vitamin D absorption.
HYPERMAGNESEMIA signs and symptoms: “All organs calm/quiet”
Cardiac - calm and quiet -
1) Heart blocks.
2) Prolonged PR intervals.
3) Vitals = Bradycardia, Hypotension.
Deep Tendon Reflexes - calm and quiet -
1) Hyporeflexia - decreased DTR (Deep Tendon Reflexes).
Lungs - calm and quiet -
1) Depressed Shallow Respirations.
GI - calm and quiet -
1) Hypoactive bowel sounds.
Magnum Magnesium 1.3-2.1
Function: Law and Order in the muscles - Calms them down, keeps the peace mainly in heart, uterus, deep tendon reflexes. Magnesium’s best friend is Calcium = “Cal-Mag”.
Required for: 1)Calcium absorption. 2)Vitamin D absorption.
HYPOMAGNESEMIA signs and symptoms: “No sheriff in town - No law and order - everything is buck wild”.
Magnum Magnesium 1.3-2.1
Function: Law and Order in the muscles - Calms them down, keeps the peace mainly in heart, uterus, deep tendon reflexes. Magnesium’s best friend is Calcium = “Cal-Mag”.
Required for: 1)Calcium absorption. 2)Vitamin D absorption.
HYPOMAGNESEMIA signs and symptoms: “No sheriff in town - No law and order - everything is buck wild”.
Cardiac - Buck Wild!
1) EKG = ST depression, T wave inversion, Tosades de pointes(Tornado in the heart) - “Ribbon-like”.
Severe = V-fib.
2) Vitals = Tachycardia.
Deep Tendon Reflexes - buck wild!
1) Hyperreflexia - increased DTR (Deep Tendon Reflexes).
Eyes - buck wild!
1) Abnormal eye movements (nystagmus).
GI - buck wild!
1) Diarrhea.
Calcium/Magnesium = same s/s!
Cocky Calcium from muscle beach California.
Calcium’s Function: Keeps 3 B’s Strong-
1)Bones. 2)Blood(clotting factors). 3)Beats(heart beats.
Calcium range = 9-10.5 mg/dL.
HYPERCALCEMIA signs and symptoms: “Swollen and Slow - Moans, Groans, Stones-
Cocky Calcium from muscle beach California.
Calcium’s Function: Keeps 3 B’s Strong-
1)Bones. 2)Blood(clotting factors). 3)Beats(heart beats.
Calcium range = 9-10.5 mg/dL.
HYPERCALCEMIA signs and symptoms: “Swollen and Slow - Moans, Groans, Stones:
1) Constipation - swollen and slow GI.
2) Bone Pain - Calciums leaving bones to enter bloodstream.
3) Stones - Renal Calculi (kidney stones).
4) Deep Tendon Reflexes - swollen and slow - decreased DTR’s and severe muscle weakness.
Cocky Calcium from muscle beach California.
Calcium’s Function: Keeps 3 B’s Strong-
1)Bones. 2)Blood(clotting factors). 3)Beats(heart beats.
Calcium range = 9-10.5 mg/dL.
HYPOCALCEMIA signs/symptoms: 9.0 or less. Cocky Calcium goes to Mexico Baja California (south - hypo) and learns 2 dance moves -
1) Trousseau’s signs. “NCLEX tip”
2) Chvostek’s sign. “NCLEX tip”
3) Diarrhea - “Bad burritos in Mexico”.
4) Circumoral (around mouth) Tingling. “NCLEX tip”
When Cocky Calcium is on vacation in Mexico he doesn’t do his job functions:
1) Bones become weak.
2) Blood Clotting decreases.
3) Cardiac Dysrhythmias.
Cocky Calcium from muscle beach California.
Calcium’s Function: Keeps 3 B’s Strong-
1)Bones. 2)Blood(clotting factors). 3)Beats(heart beats.
Calcium range = 9-10.5 mg/dL.
HYPOCALCEMIA signs/symptoms: 9.0 or less. Cocky Calcium goes to Mexico Baja California (south - hypo) and learns 2 dance moves -
1) Trousseau’s signs. “NCLEX tip”
2) Chvostek’s sign. “NCLEX tip”
3) Diarrhea - “Bad burritos in Mexico”.
4) Circumoral (around mouth) Tingling. “NCLEX tip”
When Cocky Calcium is on vacation in Mexico he doesn’t do his job functions:
1) Bones become weak.
2) Blood Clotting decreases.
3) Cardiac Dysrhythmias.
Friendly Frat-boy Phosphate (Calciums worst enemy!)
Does opposite that Calcium does.
Phosphate function:1)Bone/Teeth formation. 2)Helps regulate Calcium.
Always works inversely- Phosphate increased =Calcium decreased and vice-versa. Phosphate range = 3-4.5 mg/dL.
HYPERphosphatemia signs and symptoms:”Low Calcium” Baja CA+
Friendly Frat-boy Phosphate (Calciums worst enemy!)
Does opposite that Calcium does.
Phosphate function:1)Bone/Teeth formation. 2)Helps regulate Calcium.
Always works inversely- Phosphate increased =Calcium decreased and vice-versa. Phosphate range = 3-4.5 mg/dL.
HYPERphosphatemia signs and symptoms:”Low Calcium” Baja CA+
1) Trousseau’s signs.
2) Chvostek’s signs.
3) Diarrhea.
4) Weak B’s =
Bones weak (fractures!). Blood Clotting = weak (risk for bleeding). Beats (heart) = weak (cardiac dysrhythmias).
Friendly Frat-boy Phosphate (Calciums worst enemy!)
Does opposite that Calcium does.
Phosphate function:1)Bone/Teeth formation. 2)Helps regulate Calcium.
Always works inversely- Phosphate increased =Calcium decreased and vice-versa. Phosphate range = 3-4.5 mg/dL.
HYPOphosphatemia signs and symptoms: Swollen and Slow - Moans, Groans, Stones -
Friendly Frat-boy Phosphate (Calciums worst enemy!)
Does opposite that Calcium does.
Phosphate function:1)Bone/Teeth formation. 2)Helps regulate Calcium.
Always works inversely- Phosphate increased =Calcium decreased and vice-versa. Phosphate range = 3-4.5 mg/dL.
HYPOphosphatemia signs and symptoms: Swollen and Slow - Moans, Groans, Stones -
1) Constipation.
2) Decreased DTR and severe muscle weakness.
3) Decreased HR, RR.
4) Increased BP.
Kidney Stones form renal calculi!
Chloride and Sodium =
Chloride and Sodium =
“Similar signs and symptoms”
Three main functions:
1) Blood Volume
2) Blood Pressure
3) PH Balance
Calcium and Magnesium =
Calcium and Magnesium = “Same” - “Best pals”
Calcium and Phosphate =
Calcium and Phosphate = “Opposite”
Calcium elevated = Phosphate decreased
Calcium decreased = Phosphate elevated
