Electrolytes

Question 0

Depensd on size, charge of ion, nature of membrane

Answer 0

Passive transport

Question 1

Energy consuming, more ions across cellular membrane

Answer 1

Active transport

Question 2

Physical property of a solution w/c is based in concentration of solute

Answer 2

Osmolality

Question 3

Increased un osmolality of blood

Answer 3

Sensation of thirst & ADH

Question 4

Also called vassopressin.

Answer 4

Anti diuretic hormone

Question 5

What does ADH increas

Answer 5

H2O reabsorption

Question 6

What sites does the reabsorption of water occur

Answer 6

Cortical and medullary tubules

Question 7

Half-life of ADH

Answer 7

15-20 mins

Question 8

Electrolyte that is associated with water.

Answer 8

Sodium

Question 9

Normal osmolality value

Answer 9

275-295 mOsmol/ kg of plasma H2O

Question 10

1%-2% decrease in osmolality

Answer 10

Shut off ADH production

Question 11

1-2% increase osmolality

Answer 11

4-fold increase in ADH

Question 12

What does RAAS regulate?

Answer 12

Blood volume esp. Sodium and water

Question 13

Is secreted near renal glomeruli in response to decrease renal blood flow

Answer 13

Renin

Question 14

What does renin converts?

Answer 14

Angiotensin 1 until angiotensin 2

Question 15

What increase retention of water and sodium?

Answer 15

Angiotensin 2

Question 16

Promotes sodium excretion in the kidneys

Answer 16

ANP/Atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 17

Independent of osmolality, stimulate the ADH to conserve water

Answer 17

Volume receptors

Question 18

Increases with heme expansion and decreases with heme depletion

Answer 18

GFR/Glumerular filtration rate

Question 19

What will increase when plasma sodium will increase?

Answer 19

Urinary sodium

Question 20

In what conditions urine osmolality decreases

Answer 20

Diabetes insipidus and polydipsia

Question 21

In what conditions urine osmolality increases

Answer 21

Hypovolemia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Question 22

Osmotically active sample which is not recommended for determination of osmolality

Answer 22

Plasma

Question 23

Increased osmolality decreases _____&_______

Answer 23

Freezing point temperature and vapor pressure (dew pt)

Question 24

This is operated by freezing point

Answer 24

Osmometer

Question 25

Osmometer is standardized by this reference solution

Answer 25

Sodium chloride

Question 26

Reference value of 24hr urine

Answer 26

300-900

Question 27

Reference value of urine serum

Answer 27

1.0-3.0

Question 28

Reference value of osmolal gap

Answer 28

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