Electrolytes + KMT + IMFs

Question 1

HCl

Answer 1

strong acid

Question 2

HBr

Answer 2

strong acid

Question 3

HI

Answer 3

strong acid

Question 4

HNO3

Answer 4

strong acid

Question 5

HClO4

Answer 5

strong acid

Question 6

H2SO4

Answer 6

strong acid

Question 7

strong acids…

Answer 7

dissociate completely in water to produce ions in solution.. strong electrolye

Question 8

soluble ionic compounds

Answer 8

strong electrolytes because they dissolve completely

Question 9

weak electrolytes

Answer 9

dissociate slightly, weak acids and bases bc there are only some ions present

Question 10

non electrolytes

Answer 10

molecules that stay together when they dissolve in water, covalent compounds with exception to acids

Question 11

Avogadro’s Law

Answer 11

direct relationship with volume and moles

Question 12

Boyles’ Law

Answer 12

inverse relationship with pressure and volume

Question 13

Charles’ Law

Answer 13

direct relationship with temperature and volume

Question 14

particles are in constant motion. the collisions of the particles with the walls of the container are the cause of the pressure exerted by the gas

Answer 14

true

Question 15

the molecules in a real gas have finite volumes and do exert forces on each other, thus the real gases do not conform to some of the assumptions of an ideal gas as stated by the kmt

Answer 15

true

Question 16

The particles are so small compared with the distances between them that the volume of the individual particles can be assumed to be zero.

Answer 16

true

Question 17

At constant temperature, the lighter the gas molecules, the larger the average velocity.

Answer 17

true

Question 18

Real gas molecules behave most ideally at low temperature and high pressure.

Answer 18

false

Question 19

Ideal gas molecules have small volumes and exert weak attractive forces on one another.

Answer 19

false… they are assumed to have zero volume and no attractive forces on one another

Question 20

average KE is the same when…

Answer 20

..all the temperatures between molecules are the same.. this is not the same with average velocity

Question 21

a real gas behaves most ideally when..

Answer 21

the container volume is relatively large and the gas molecules are moving relatively quickly

Question 22

intermolecular force (IMF)

Answer 22

attractions between neighboring molecules which determine physical properties

Question 23

directly related to IMFs (stronger IMF=higher)

Answer 23

boiling point, melting point, molar heat of vaporization (liquid to gas), molar heat of fusion (melting solid to liquid), molar heat of sublimation (solid to gas)

Question 24

inversely related to IMFS (stronger IMF =smaller)

Answer 24

vapor pressure (large mm have low vapor pressures, molecules need high energies to escape to the vapor pressure)

Question 25

enthalpy (heat of anything)

Answer 25

the heat/energy required to melt, vaporize, sublimate

Question 26

London Dispersion Forces (LDF)

Answer 26

ALL molecules have this force, created from induced instantaneous dipoles (becomes non symmetrical), weakest IMF, increase in strength when increasing mm and when shape is longer

Question 27

Dipole - Dipole

Answer 27

second weakest, occur due to permanent dipole-dipole attractions, only in polar molecules (strength increases with polarity), line up electrostatically so pos and neg ends near each other (weaker if distance between ends is larger)

Question 28

hydrogen bonding

Answer 28

third weakest, second strongest strongest covalent IMF, a type and strongest dipole-dipole force, only occurs in H-N, H-F, H-O bonds

Question 29

electrostatic attraction

Answer 29

strongest IMF, oppositely charged particles attract each other and this attractive force called electrostatic force