Electrolytic process GCSE

Question 1

What is the process of electrolysis?

Answer 1

Electrolysis is a chemical process that uses electricity to break down compounds into their individual elements.

Question 2

What are the two electrodes used in electrolysis called?

Answer 2

The two electrodes are called the anode and the cathode.

Question 3

True or False: The anode is negatively charged.

Answer 3

False: The anode is positively charged.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: During electrolysis, cations move towards the ______.

Answer 4

cathode

Question 5

What type of solution is typically used in electrolysis?

Answer 5

An electrolyte solution, which can be ionic or a molten ionic compound.

Question 6

What occurs at the cathode during electrolysis?

Answer 6

Reduction occurs at the cathode.

Question 7

What is produced at the anode during the electrolysis of water?

Answer 7

Oxygen gas is produced at the anode.

Question 8

True or False: Electrolysis can only be performed with liquids.

Answer 8

False: Electrolysis can also be performed with molten solids.

Question 9

What is the purpose of using a power supply in electrolysis?

Answer 9

The power supply provides the necessary electrical energy to drive the electrolysis process.

Question 10

Name one application of electrolysis.

Answer 10

Electrolysis is used in electroplating, metal refining, and the production of chlorine gas.

Question 11

What is the role of the electrolyte in electrolysis?

Answer 11

The electrolyte conducts electricity and allows ions to move between the electrodes.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The process of oxidation occurs at the ______.

Answer 12

anode

Question 13

What is electroplating?

Answer 13

Electroplating is the process of depositing a layer of metal onto a surface using electrolysis.

Question 14

True or False: Electrolysis can separate elements from a compound.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Which ion is attracted to the cathode during electrolysis?

Answer 15

Cations are attracted to the cathode.

Question 16

What happens to anions during electrolysis?

Answer 16

Anions move towards the anode.

Question 17

What is the chemical equation for the electrolysis of water?

Answer 17

2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down compounds into elements using electricity is known as ______.

Answer 18

electrolysis

Question 19

What is a common electrolyte used in the electrolysis of water?

Answer 19

Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) or sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

Question 20

What type of reaction occurs at the cathode?

Answer 20

A reduction reaction occurs at the cathode.

Question 21

What is the main product of electrolysis of sodium chloride solution?

Answer 21

Chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide.

Question 22

True or False: The ions in an electrolyte solution can move freely.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is the effect of increasing the voltage during electrolysis?

Answer 23

Increasing the voltage can increase the rate of the reaction.

Question 24

What occurs at the anode during the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution?

Answer 24

Chlorine gas is produced at the anode.

Question 25

What is the purpose of using a diaphragm in electrolysis?

Answer 25

A diaphragm separates the products formed at the anode and cathode to prevent them from reacting with each other.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The movement of ions towards electrodes during electrolysis is driven by ______.

Answer 26

electrical energy

Question 27

What is the term for the minimum voltage required to start electrolysis?

Answer 27

This is called the decomposition voltage.

Question 28

What happens to the concentration of the electrolyte during electrolysis?

Answer 28

The concentration of the electrolyte generally decreases due to the consumption of ions.

Question 29

What is formed at the cathode during the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution?

Answer 29

Copper metal is deposited at the cathode.

Question 30

True or False: Electrolysis can only be used for ionic compounds.

Answer 30

False: It can also be used for some polar covalent compounds.

Question 31

What is a common use of electrolysis in industry?

Answer 31

Electrolysis is commonly used for the extraction of metals from ores.

Question 32

What is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid?

Answer 32

Hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: In electrolysis, the anode is connected to the ______ terminal of the power supply.

Answer 33

positive

Question 34

What is the main factor that affects the amount of substance produced at each electrode during electrolysis?

Answer 34

The amount of electric charge passed through the electrolyte.

Question 35

What is the term for the process of refining metals using electrolysis?

Answer 35

Electrorefining.

Question 36

What is the main product at the anode during the electrolysis of potassium bromide solution?

Answer 36

Bromine gas is produced at the anode.

Question 37

True or False: The electrolysis of brine produces hydrogen and chlorine gases.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is the role of water in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions?

Answer 38

Water acts as a solvent and can also participate in the reaction.

Question 39

What is the purpose of using a salt bridge in electrolysis?

Answer 39

A salt bridge maintains electrical neutrality in the solutions.

Question 40

What is the equation for the electrolysis of a salt solution?

Answer 40

The specific equation depends on the salt, but generally involves the salt's dissociation into its constituent ions.

Question 41

What is the significance of Faraday's laws of electrolysis?

Answer 41

Faraday's laws relate the amount of substance produced at an electrode to the amount of electric charge passed through the electrolyte.

Question 42

What type of current is used in electrolysis?

Answer 42

Direct current (DC) is used in electrolysis.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The energy required for electrolysis is provided by ______.

Answer 43

an external power source

Question 44

What happens to the ions in an ionic compound when dissolved in water?

Answer 44

They dissociate into their respective cations and anions.

Question 45

What is the effect of temperature on the rate of electrolysis?

Answer 45

Increasing the temperature generally increases the rate of electrolysis.

Question 46

What is the primary use of electrolysis in the production of aluminum?

Answer 46

Electrolysis is used to extract aluminum from aluminum oxide (bauxite) in the Hall-Héroult process.