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Chem I > Electromagnetic Radiation > Flashcards

Electromagnetic Radiation Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

All forms of electromagnetic radiation with varying energies

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2
Q

Wavelength

A

Lambda

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3
Q

Frequency

A

Number of waves passing a point in one second, Greek nu

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4
Q

Hertz

A

Unit of frequency

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5
Q

Speed of light

A

C = 3.0 X 10^8 m/sec

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6
Q

Wave speed

A

Speed of light

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7
Q

Formula I

A

C = lambda nu

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8
Q

Nano

A

10^-9

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9
Q

Mega

A

10^6

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10
Q

Photoelectric effect

A

Emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on it

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11
Q

1900 Max Planck

A

Objects emit energy in discrete packets

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12
Q

1905 Albert Einstein

A

Electromagnetic radiation has a dual-wave particle nature

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13
Q

Quantum

A

Minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom

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14
Q

Photon

A

Unit or bundle of energy that carries a quantum of energy, but has no mass

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15
Q

The energy of a photon is _ to its frequency

A

Proportional

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16
Q

Formula II

A

E = h nu

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17
Q

Planck’s constant

A

(h) 6.63 X 10^-34 Joules

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18
Q

Joule

A

SI unit of heat energy produced when 1 Newton moves 1 meter; also electric current of 1 amp flowing through a potential of 1 volt for 1 second; and 1 calorie = 4.184 Joules

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19
Q

Large waves

A

Low frequency & energy

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20
Q

Excited atom

A

Atom that has absorbed a photon of energy

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21
Q

Ground state

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A

State of lowest energy for that atom, the energy level it normally occupies.

22
Q

Process of exciting

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A

Electric current - voltage is passed through gas tubes, giving it a characteristic glow of color

Heat - when placed in a flame, light energy is given off as electrons return to low energy

23
Q

Spectrum

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A

An array of waves spread out according to the increasing/decreasing magnitude of a property

24
Q

Types of spectra

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A

Electromagnetic, continuous, and bright line

25
Radio
UHF, VHF, shortwave, long wave, AM, FM
26
Microwave
Cooking, communication
27
Infrared
Produced by hot objects
28
X-rays
Artificially generated from electrons
29
Gamma rays
Naturally occurring from nuclei
30
Refracted rays
Those that are bent due to a change in speed when passing from air to S different material
31
Highest frequency
Largest bending
32
Prism
Special material that spreads out rays according to bending
33
Spectroscope
Optical instrument used to produce and view spectra
34
Bohr's Theory
High energy to low energy electrons result in light being emitted Each line of a bright line spectrum represents different energies of emitted radiation for that atom Used hydrogen's spectrum to mathematically account for wavelengths observed. Energy transitions were accounted for in the series he identified: Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen
35
Louis DeBroglie 1924
Electrons are considered waves confined to the space around a nucleus (supported by the facts that electrons undergo diffraction and interference)
36
Werner Heisenberg 1927
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: it is impossible to simultaneously identify the position and velocity of an electron or any particle
37
Wave mechanics
Look to suggest the locations of electrons
38
Space orbital
Highly probable location where an electron can be found (theoretical)
39
Electron cloud
Size and shape of an atoms as defined by electron paths
40
Quantum theory
Describes the wave properties of electrons in a mathematical fashion; it utilizes quantum numbers that describe the unique energy state of electrons
41
Erwin Schrödinger 1926
Used the new quantum theory to write and solve a mathematical equation describing the location and energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom
42
Quantum Numbers
(n, l, ml, ms) l - angular momentum/orbital ml - magnetic : positions about the axes +1/2 - half full -1/2 - full
43
Electron pair
2 electrons of opposite spin in the same orbital
44
Octet
An atom that has S and P orbitals totaling 8 electrons; a noble gas configuration
45
Aufbau principle
Electrons first occupy the lowest energy level available; filling order begins to vary at level 3
46
Pauli exclusion principle
No 2 electrons can have the same 4 quantum numbers
47
Hund principle
Orbits of equal energy are first occupied by a single electron before the second is added
48
Electromagnetic radiation
Form of energy that travels through space as a series of waves
49
As wavelength increases...
Frequency and energy decrease
50
Filling order
Sassy Sasha Pushkina sells pickled strawberries down Putin Street during parties. Sasha's father dances and plays strings for dill pickles. 1s-2s-2p-3s-3p-4s-3d-4p-5s-4d-5p-6s-4f-5d-6p-7s-5f-6d

Chem I (8 decks)

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