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AH Physics > electromagnetism > Flashcards

electromagnetism Flashcards

1
Q

coulombs law

A

magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

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2
Q

coulombs law equation

A

F=Q1Q2/4πε0r^2

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3
Q

is force vector or scalar

A

vector

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4
Q

what is an electric field

A

is the region that surrounds electrically charged particles in which a force is exerted on other electrically charged particles.

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5
Q

where does charge reside in a conductor

A

the outer surface

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6
Q

what is the electrical field inside a conductor

A

0

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7
Q

electrostatic shielding

A

when a conductive material is used to enclose a device that is effected by an electric field

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8
Q

electrical force per unit POSITIVE charge

A

electric field charge

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9
Q

the force that a positive +1C would experience if placed in an electric field

A

electric field strength

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10
Q

electric field strength equation

A

E=F/Q

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11
Q

electric field strength units

A

newtons per coulomb

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12
Q

two uses of the inverse square law

A

electric field strength and the gravitational field

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13
Q

where is the charge concentrated in an electric field

A

the centre

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14
Q

electric field strength equation

A

E=Q/4πε0r^2

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15
Q

what is electric field strength measured in

A

newtons per coulomb

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16
Q

is electric field scalar of vector

A

vector

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17
Q

explain the electric field strength graph

A

electric field strength is 0 until radius is reached on x axis

a sudden slope downwards from radius point

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18
Q

what is the electric field strength inside the sphere

A

0

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19
Q

what is the electric field strength outside the sphere

A

Equal to point charge Q in the centre of the sphere

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20
Q

electrical potential definition

A

the work done in moving unit positive charge from infinity to that point

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21
Q

the radial field

A

the electrical potential at a distance from a point charge

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22
Q

what is electrical potential measured in

A

V or jules per coulomb

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23
Q

describe the electrical potential graph

A

electrical potential is at its highest until radius is reached

graph slopes off less steep

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24
Q

change in electrical potential energy

A

work done

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25
Q

applications of electrostatic defelections

A

deflection experiments to measure the charge to mass ratio for the electron

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26
Q

what is the potential difference definition

A

the work done in moving one coulomb
of charge from one point to the other against the electric field,

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27
Q

what is milikans oil drop experiment used for

A

to determine the size of the charge of an electron

28
Q

what is an electron volt

A

a unit of energy, often used in high-energy particle physics.

29
Q

electron volt definition

A

the energy acquired when one electron accelerates through a potential difference of one volt.

30
Q

value of one electron volt

A

1.6x10-19

31
Q

ferromagnetic materials

A

materials which can become permanently magnetised

32
Q

common materials of ferromagnetic materials

A

iron steel cobalt and nickel

33
Q

what are magnetic dipoles

A

the tiny magnetic effects outer shell electrons cause.

34
Q

how are magnetic dipoles usually aligned

A

in domains that are random and cancel each other out

35
Q

what happens when a ferromagnetic material is placed within a magnetic or electromagnetic field

A

the material is magnetised

36
Q

what happens when a ferromagnetic material is magnetised

A

the magnetic dipoles align themselves with the magnetic field they are in creating a strong uniform magnetic field.

37
Q

how can a bar magnet be demagnetised

A

heating up

38
Q

how can a ferromagnetic create a permanent magnetic field

A

by heating the cooling fully

39
Q

how can a magnet lose its magnetism other than being heated up

A

mechanical shock

40
Q

what is a magnetic field

A

a region of space round a magnet where another magnet will experience a force

41
Q

what does the relative spacing of feld lines around a magnet show

A

the fields strength

42
Q

what direction do the field lines travel

A

north to south

43
Q

what happens when a current flows through a wire

A

a circular magnetic field is produced
(left hand rule)

44
Q

what happens when current flows through a coiled wire

A

create a magnetic field like the bar magnet

45
Q

what happens in the middle of a solenoid

A

an almost uniform magnetic field

46
Q

how can the magnetic field of a solenoid be increased

A

wrapping it round an iron core
increasing number of coils

47
Q

what is the direction of magnetic field dependant on in a solenoid

A

direction of current flow

48
Q

what would happen to earth wihtout a magnetic field

A

atmosphere would be stripped away by solar wind

49
Q

magnetic induction (B)

A

the strength of a magnetic field at a point

50
Q

equation for magnetic induction

A

B=μ₀I/2πr

51
Q

what is magnetic induction (B) measured in

A

tesla

52
Q

what is one tesla

A

the magnetic induction of a magnetic field in which a conductor of length one METER carrying a current of one AMPERE PERPENDICULAR to to the field is acted on by one newton of FORCE

53
Q

how can magnetic induction be measured

A

hall probe
search coil

54
Q

force on a current carrying wire in a magnetic field equation

A

F=IlBsinθ

55
Q

movement of a charged particle in a magnetic field

A

F=qvB

56
Q

what path does a charged particle take in a magnetic field

A

circular

57
Q

centrepedal acceleration equation

A

a=v^2/r

58
Q

centripedal force equation

A

F=mv^2/r

59
Q

radius of path equation

A

r=mv/qB

60
Q

what happens when a particle enters a field at an angle

A

will follow a helical path

61
Q

what is the pitch

A

the distance between adjacent loops in the helix after on period

62
Q

pitch equation

A

P=vcosθT

63
Q

frequency of rotation equation

A

f=qB/2πm

64
Q

what is orbit frequency NOT based on

A

speed or radius

65
Q

what is orbit radius based on

A

charge to mass ratio
magnetic induction

66
Q

why is kinetic energy constant

A

orbital speed is constant

AH Physics (3 decks)

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