Electronic Charts Flashcards by Sean Doyle

Of the following which is NOT a requirement that may be found in an ECDIS

CPU
AIS Intergration
CRT or flat screen display
Position sensor ie GPS / loran

AIS INTEGRATION

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The display of particular colors in ECDIS

Have no significant meaning
Are variable within limits according to user preference
Vary from one hydrographic survey to another
Are standardized so as to distinguish chart features

Are standardized so as to distinguish chart features

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The display of “all other information” is

Permanently retained on display
Recalled by a single operator action
Is displayed by all classes on demand or by individual thematic layers
None of the above

Is displayed by all classes on demand or by individual thematic layers

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Spatial data refers to

The position of an object
The cultural feature associated with a chart object
The S-52 library of char objects
IHO S-57 transfer standard

The position of an object

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What is the advantage of organizing chart date categories within a database

Allows operator access to information linked to chart objects
Allows operator access to control the presentation of objects on the display
Allows operator access to set operational warning and alarms based on chart information such as depth and area boundaries
All of the above

All of the above

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IHO publication S-52 contains

Date structure and transfer standard for ECDIS data
The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of ECDIS data
Raster data produced by authorized hydrographic offices
The resolution adopted by SOLAS chapter V 0 requirement to carry updated charts

The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of ECDIS data

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Which one of the following is not a characteristic of raster data structure charts?

Composed of pictures elements (pixels)
Attribute tables linked to chart features
Image quality and resolution affected in scaling in or out
Limited in ability to carry information about charted features

Attribute tables linked to chat features

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What is the significance of user-selected depth contour that may be highlighted

A coastline contour for arrival alarms
Ownships contour to reference distance made good
A safety contour that is relevant to the draft of the vessel
A safety contour related to arrival destination

A safety contour that is relevant to the draft of the vessel

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According to performance standard, how accurate is ECDIS data required to be

97% accuracy standard when compared to associated paper chart
Accuracy that meets or exceeds the accuracy of associated paper charts
Accuracy must exceed related raster charts
None of the above

Accuracy that meets or exceeds the accuracy of associated paper charts

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According to performance standards, radar overlay must be capable of being removed from the SENC _________

During daylight hours only
By a single operator action
Only when indicated by alarms
Whenever there is a discrepancy between radar based position and primary sensor position

By a single operator action

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ECDIS should be capable of identifying discrepancies between what two systems

Any two positions system methods ava to ECDIS
ECDIS AND AIS
ECDIS AND ASSOCIATED PAPER CHART
GPS AND LORAN A

Any two positions system methods ava to ECDIS

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When using GPS for the positioning system, the SENC and the GPS should be referencing the same _____

Geodetic datum
Horizontal datum
Radar overlay
Appropriate hydrographic symbology

Geodetic datum

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According to performance standards. ECDIS may be connected to other navigation inputs under which conditions

Accuracy is impacted no less than 2%
The additional connections provide a method for checking position accuracy against the connect equipment
There is no degradation to ECDIS performance
The equipment is standardized by the USCG

There is no degradation to ECDIS performance

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The responsibility of compiling accurate survey data, distribution data to user, and production of update lies with _____
The US Coast Guard
The national Geo special agency
The official hydrographic agency for a particular region
The national oceanic and atmospheric association

The official hydrographic agency for a particular region

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Which of the following events or conditions might trigger an alarm or an indication
Echo sound failure
Position fixing system failure
Use of an inferior chart when it better choices available in the inventory
All of the above

ALL OF THE ABOVE

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Which is the greatest problem in Dayton miss matches ?
TheY trigger alarms at the wrong time
They trigger in dictators at a long time
They have the potential to be catastrophic
They can create errors of over 2000 m

They have the potential to be catastrophic

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Hey the active or inaccurate position fixing system can lead to which of the following?
A false position display of own ship
A condition that could seriously in danger the system safety
In accurate display of nearby dangerous to navigation
All of the above

All of the above

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A chart object removed from the SENC?
Will remain in the ENC
Will degrade the value of displayed data
Will be replaced in the ENC during the next periodic update
Cannot be easily replaced

Will remain in the ENC

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Which one of the following components is not required for an ECDIS to function at an elementary level?
The interface for the display of AIS data
A display screen capable of accurate presentation of ECDIS data
A sensor providing position fixing data
A central processing unit

The interface for the display of AIS data

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Which of the following statements best explains as play showing two motion vectors for own ship, one offset by several degrees from the other?

One vector shows ships heading while the other shows the desired course to clear navigational danger
One vector better shows ships heading while the other shows course over ground
One shows ships heading for the other shows a danger bearing
ECDIS is malfunctioning, and needs to be rebooted

One vector shows ships heading while the other shows the desired course to clear navigational danger

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Which of the following statements is correct GPSE input?

Is only required for ocean transits
GPS Datum must be the same as a reference date for the chart in use
Acceptable only with 18 satellite configuration
Must be used in conjunction with WAAS receivers

GPS Datum must be the same as a reference datum for the chart in use

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The GPS system includes a satellite consolation of?

20 satellites in Geo statuary orbits
24 satellites in low earth elevation orbits
A northern and southern hemisphere consolation consisting of 10 satellites each
A system of land based high frequency radio transmitting towers re-transmitting satellite time signals

24 satellites in low earth elevation orbits

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The “selective availability” may be activated by ____

The commander in chief
Port state control
US Coast Guard
Individual manufacturers

The commander in chief

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Which of the following statements describe datum?

Date of publication fo that most recent char edition
A base reference point for measurements
A hydrographic agency’s method for determining published chart accuracy
A random transmission in the GPS signal used for calibration purposes

A base reference point for measurements

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NAD - 27 AND NAD - 83 are examples of ____ Chart datum that have been used in nautical char construction in North America Backup datum commonly used in first generation GPS Canadian hydrographic agency official datum NGA index numbers referring to charts produced after 1927 and 1983 respectively

Chart datum that have been used in nautical char construction in North America NAD (NORTH AMERICA DATUM)

WITH ADEQUATE BACK UP ARRANGEMENTS, ECDIS MAY BE ACCEPTED ____ As complying with the up-to-date charts required by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS convention As the sole source for all navigation data As the only real time display capable of fulfilling the typical requirements of navigational duties None of the above

As complying with the up-to-date charts required by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS convention

Which of the following is a required feature of route planning To display AIS information The ability to select alternative position sensor The ability to change chart scale The ability to access information from official publications

The ability to access information from official publications

SENC, as defined by ECDIS performance standards, would include all of the following with the exception of _____ A database resulting from the transformation of the ENC information by ECDIS Updates to the ENC by appropriate means A displayed chart that is the equivalent to an up-to-date paper chart A continuously and automatically updated raster date set of S -57 world-wide-folio

A continuously and automatically updated raster date set of S -57 world-wide-folio

It should be easy to add or remove information from the ECDIS display. It should not be possible to remove the information by contained in the _____ Display base Default display Initial display All other information display

Display base

The effective size of the chart presentation for route monitoring should be at least 15 x 15 270mm x 270mm 1280x1240 pixels The size depends on the class of vessel

270mm x 270mm

ECDIS is also be capable of accepting updates to the ENC data entered manually. Which one of the following statements is true in regard to manual updates? There is simple means for verification prior to the final acceptance of the date They would be distinguishable on the display from ENC information and ENC updates Manual updates area always superseded by the most recent EN update that preceded the manual update Manual updates should not affect display legibility

Manual updates should not affect display legibility

Which one of the following statements is true Only raw radar data may be imported to the ECDIS display Radar image and ARPA information may be imported to display Care should be taken when importing radar date. As it is time consuming to remove from the display ARPA functions can be accessed through the ECDIS menu

Radar image and ARPA information may be imported to display

The performance standards require a facility for adjusting planned routes by four different methods. Which of the following methods is not required by ECDIS Adding a waypoint to a route Deleting a way point from a route Adding routes and / waypoints from GPS storage Changing the position of a waypoint

Adding routes and / waypoints from GPS storage

Which of the following alarms is required feature for route monitoring ? When the radar image is out of scale with the active display When the scale in use is the largest scale supported by ENC Data format When, within user defined time limits, own ship will cross the boundary of a prohibited area or of a geographical area for which special conditions exist When through any environmental cause, a delay in reaching pre-planned position is detected but route analysis feature.

When the scale in use is the largest scale supported by ENC Data format

The library of allowable symbols for display on ECDIS are Updated by notice to mariners Described in IHO-publication S-52 Symbols typically found on virtually any electronic chart user determined

Described in IHO-publication S-52

Which of the following choices described a periodic update An update that is required at the end of each voyage lasting greater than one week The notice to manners One set of correction information which has been issued since the last new edition of the ENC A set of correction information which has been issued since the last new edition of the ENC

An update that is required at the end of each voyage lasting greater than one week

An ECDIS display base is described as _____ SENC information which is considered essential and cannot be removed from the display Similar to the standard display with radar and ARPA data overlaid Display of user selected objects None of the above

SENC information which is considered essential and cannot be removed from the display

Displayed scale is described as ____ The range of allowable display ratios An optional display feature The original survey ratio The ratio between a distance on the display and the real-world distance it refers to

The ratio between a distance on the display and the real-world distance it refers to

Which of the following formats is the nation hydrographic authority officially maintained database in digital form S-57 ENC ENCDB SENC

ENCDB

What is the advantage of organizing chart data categories within a database? Allows operator access to information linked to chart objects Allows operator to control the presentation of objects on the display Allows operator to set operational warnings and alarms based on chart information such as depth and area boundaries All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following described “ground stabilized?” Own ships position referencing radar information Correction of offset, if any, due to ambiguous reference datum Own ships heading and speed through the water Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of the earth

Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of the earth

IHO publication S -52 contains _____? Data structure and transfer standard for ECDIS data The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of the ECDIS data Raster data produced by authorized hydrographic offices The resolution adopted by SOLAS chapter V requirements to carry updated charts

The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of the ECDIS data

Which of the following is not a source of information to the SENC ENC Position sensor such as GPS Manual updates added by the mariner HO 102 international code of signals

HO 102 international code of signals

A “record” is An entry in a database that refers to all information on the associated row of the entry A column of information within a database A hand edited document requiring an entry each time the database is littered by the mariner All of the above

An entry in a database that refers to all information on the associated row of the entry

True distance refer to ? actual geographic distance considering reference datum Distances measured on a raster chart The distance along the intended DR track Sea stabilized distance

actual geographic distance considering reference datum

Which of the following is not capability of ECDIS? Ability to store and display raster data Ability to display AIS information Ability to receive navigation information in analog format by MF/HF radio transmissions Ability to easily update chart libraries with official data

Ability to receive navigation information in analog format by MF/HF radio transmissions

When may the user alter “display-base data” During periodic updates Display base may not be altered Only when editing user charts When relevant to the safety of the voyage

Display base may not be altered

Which of the following is an accurate description of a SENC The updated chat files and associated spatial information A database resulting from the transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for appropriate use The transfer standard for digital hydrographic data A database standardized as to content, structure, and format

A database resulting from the transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for appropriate use

Which of the following statements about vector data format charts is false? They tend to pixilated when scaling out They can be only as accurate as the survey that produced the chart data Vector data formats allow for many attributes to be linked to one chart object They are not accurate representations of paper charts produced by high resolution scanning

They tend to pixilated when scaling out

According to performance standards, what will happen when the active position fixing input is lost The backup system will be automatically activated ECDIS will provide an indication The route monitor will continue to log the anticipated position Nothing

ECDIS will provide an indication

Waypoint coordinates may be Captured during active navigation Entered during route planning Reviewed at any time All of the above

All of the above

How may the performance tests of ECDIS conducted during or prior to a voyage By FCC-Approved technician Through use of optional monitoring equipment Either through automatic or manually activated functions By careful comparison between position finding systems

Either through automatic or manually activated functions

Rebooting the ECDIS is NOT required after experiencing a power supply disruption of 60 sec or less 30 sec or less 45 sec or less 25 sec or less

45 sec or less

The details of a particular aid to navigation are Required to be shown on the display base but optional on the standard display Required on the standard display, but optional on the display base Available as part of a display that would include “all other information” Available only in play or route planning modes

Required on the standard display, but optional on the display base

ENC data is transformed by ECDIS into what type of display Raster chart display The displayed chart information including user added data A display of navigational record keeping systems All of the above

The displayed chart information including user added data

Which of the following statements is true regarding the GPS reference datum It’s must be NAD-27 It will normally be WGS-84 for S-57 charts It must agree with the international hydrographic office datum for the nav region of operations It is always set to the WGS/GIS 1979 international survey

It will normally be WGS-84 for S-57 charts

Which of the following statements describes selective availability of GPS signals Limitation of GPS signal Ava depending upon the location of the vessel Loss of signal due to atmospheric or geographic limitations Unpredictable ASF errors inherent in the GPS system Inducing intentional random errors scrambling to the GPS time signals for reasons of national security

Inducing intentional random errors scrambling to the GPS time signals for reasons of national security

If the GPS produces a discrepancy when plotted, between an ECDIS and a paper - chart position, which of the following actions would be correct????? Insure that the paper chart datum and/or the electronic chart datum are in agreement with the datum being referenced by the GPS receiver If the difference is slight (.25NM or less) there is no procedure required; otherwise disregard the paper chart position Check for errors in the GPS library signal None of the above

Insure that the paper chart datum and/or the electronic chart datum are in agreement with the datum being referenced by the GPS receiver

Compared to using the paper, ECDIS should Provide greater geographical coverage Reduce the navigational workload Allow simple plotting of visual bearings of charted features Allow cost efficient and timely acquisition of raster data

Reduce the navigational workload

You expect to enter an area of low visibility and high traffic density within the next half an hour you should? Import radar information, return to display base to reduce clutter and sound maneuvering signals of any vessel within 3 miles CPA by radar Display the course and speed of all vessels within 16 miles on the standard display, and reduce speed to bear steerageway, and display own ship safety vectors Check the course over ground, acquire targets on ECDIS, “enable all other information” layers to be displayed and plan for alternate route Post a lookout and ensure that there is an ability to communicate with them, reduce speed as required

Post a lookout and ensure that there is an ability to communicate with them, reduce speed as required

It should be possible for the mariner to select a safety contour from the depth contours provided by the SENC. ECDIS should____? Temporarily remove all other contours Emphasize safety contour over other contours Provide the approved guard zone properties Export the safety contour to the ARPA

Emphasize safety contour over other contours

Which one of the following is not true regarding ENC data? The ENC and all updates to it should be displayed without any degradation of their information content ECDIS should provide a method to ensure that the ENC and all updates to it have been correctly loaded into the SENC SENC display date is comprised exclusively of ENC information The ENC data and updates to it should be clearly distinguishable from other displayed information

SENC display date is comprised exclusively of ENC information

Which one of the following are NOT TRUE regarding updating of ENC data ECDIS should keep a record of updates ECDIS should allow the mariner to display updates in order to review their contents and to ascertain that they have been included in the SENC The contents of the SENC should be adequate and up-to-date for the intended voyage There is a facility for downloading ENC data from other ships with updated ENC files, provided their data contents are verifiable

There is a facility for downloading ENC data from other ships with updated ENC files, provided their data contents are verifiable

Which of the following alarms is required feature for route monitoring When ownship crosses a user defined safety boundary, within specified time limit When CPA is less than 3 miles When TCPA is less than 45 min When entering or departing traffic separation schemes

When ownship crosses a user defined safety boundary, within specified time limit

The purpose of clutter reduction is to Improve vis Increase background noise Reduce visibility Mute brightness

Improve vis

The term date structure refers to? A computer interpretable format used for storing, accessing, transferring, and archiving data The official ECDIS library The index of updates auto logged at the end of each periodic update Information stored in electronic files

A computer interpretable format used for storing, accessing, transferring, and archiving data

An ECDIS standard display is SENC info which cannot be removed from the display Is the default display when ECDIS if first initialized A display category whereby other information can be selected and displayed by class None of the above

Is the default display when ECDIS if first initialized

Which of the following statements about ECDIS is false? Uses official IHO chart data produced by authorized hydrographic sources May display raster based data sets Will function only with S-57 chart data May fulfill the requirements to carry update charts when supplemented with an appropriate backup chart

Will function only with S-57 chart data

Spatial data refers to ?? The position of an object The cultural features associated with a chart object The S-52 library of chart objects IHO S-57 transfer standard

The position of an object

Which of the following described “grounded stabilized” Own ships position referencing radar info Correction of offset. If any, due to ambiguous reference datum Own ships heading and speed through the water Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of earth

Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of earth

Which of the following is not a source of information to the SENC ? ENC Position sensor such as GPS Manual updates added by the mariner HO 102 international code of signals

HO 102 international code of signals

Date used to produce vector format charts is found in?? A database of records of chart features and objects A database of high res scans of authentic paper charts A database of raster charts, with added information from IHO’s A database editable by the mariner composed of ENC data

A database of records of chart features and objects

SENC if defined as System electronic nautical chart Sensitive electronic nautical chart State ECDIS naval command Systematic electronic navigational chart

System electronic nautical chart

A display containing info related to coastline, depth contours, isolated dangers, aids to navigation, and recommended routes? Head up display Standard display Base display All of the above

Standard display

A SENC may include which of the following info?/ Imported radar image Imported ARPA tracking information Imported AIS data All of the above

All of the above

When should the selected route and own ships position appear on the active display during voyage route monitoring ? Always When the display is presenting an area that include the current position of own ship Whenever the EBL is being used to measure the distance between two charted objects Whenever true motion display mode is selected

When the display is presenting an area that include the current position of own ship

Voyage data that may be used to reproduce the navigational info are auto saved for Previous 12 hours Previous 12 days The previous hour only The entire voyage form point of departure

Previous 12 hours

In an IMO approved ECDIS, an electronic back-up system would typically display at least?? Raster data display North up display Standard display Official ARCS display

Standard display

Which of the following is accepted as an international standard for measuring vertical distances Horizontal datum of regional hydrographic office Mean astronomical tide WGS-81 Lowest astronomical tide LAT

Lowest astronomical tide LAT

Which of the following can affect the accuracy of position fixing info to GPS? Elevation of GPS satellites providing positional info Local magnetic disturbances Lack of go-stationary satellites in view of antenna Relative humidity greater than 60% causing excessive refraction

Elevation of GPS satellites providing positional info

Which one of the followed choices accurately describes spatial data? Geo-referenced data (lat and long and elevation within ECDIS A three dimensional structure for information storage A communication and distribution system for disseminating databases Any type of cartographic display

Geo-referenced data (lat and long and elevation within ECDIS

Which of the following statements describes the standard display? Min screen res 1280x1064 340mm screen dim The level of info that is shown when the chart is first displayed May be required on international routes or voyages exceeding 300 miles

The level of info that is shown when the chart is first displayed

A properly configured GPS?? Will normally reference the appropriate datum for the area auto Defaults to the correct datum based on current position of the ship Is configured to reference the appropriate datum by the user Is set to the appropriate datum by the manufacturer

Is configured to reference the appropriate datum by the user

Which of the following types of gps error has the greatest effect on horizontal dilution of precision? Satellite time signal and ephemeris data errors Satellite elevation induced errors Selective availability Atmospheric refraction

Selective availability

An ellipsis shape is used by cartographers to___? Simplify the irregular shape of the earth’s surface to facilitate the overlay of coordinate systems Digitize 3-dimensional shapes for map construction Account for the periodic shift in the magnetic poles None of the above

Simplify the irregular shape of the earth’s surface to facilitate the overlay of coordinate systems

Which of the following is a specific function of route monitoring Ability to check route for hazards Ability to create waypoint and voyage legs Ability to display the past track Ability add information to the ENC

Ability to display the past track

Which of the following is not required for type approved ECDIS Route planning for all routes Route monitoring and positioning Automatic acquisition and tracking of GMDSS equipped ships Continuously plotting the ships position

Automatic acquisition and tracking of GMDSS equipped ships

ECDIS should emphasize soundings equal to or less than the safety depth whenever ? Spot soundings are selected for display Guard zone alarm is enabled Ground speed is displayed differently by a minimum of two navigation sensors None of the above

Spot soundings are selected for display

Which one of the following statements regarding updating ENC data is FALSE//? ECDIS should be capable of accepting official updates to the ENC data conforming to IHO standards Update data should be stored separately from ENC data It should not be possible to alter the contents of original ENC data ENC files are substantially altered during each update requiring temporary back up procedures

ENC files are substantially altered during each update requiring temporary back up procedures

Radar info may be added to the ECDIS display which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding radar info? Radar info should not degrade the SENC information Radar info should be clearly distinguishable from the SENC information Radar is generally considered to be ground stabilized for collision avoidance operations Transferred radar information may contain both the radar image and ARPA information

Transferred radar information may contain both the radar image and ARPA information

Which of the following alarms is required feature for route monitoring When CPA is less than 3 miles An alarm should be given when the specified limit for deviation from the planned route is exceeded An alarm should be given when the GPS satellite elevations are below 11 degrees None of the above

An alarm should be given when the specified limit for deviation from the planned route is exceeded

Electronic Charts Flashcards

(91 cards)