Electrostatic Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is electrostatics?
Study of stationary charges
What is electric charge?
Fundamental property of matter carried by elementary particles
Who discovered electric charges?
Benjamin Franklin
How did Benjamin Franklin demonstrate electric charges?
Flying kites during a thunderstorm
What type of electricity is produced by rubbing a glass rod with silk?
Positive electricity
What type of electricity is produced by rubbing ebonite with animal fur?
Negative electricity
Who discovered the electron?
JJ Thomson
Who discovered that all atoms contain protons?
Ernest Rutherford
How are electric charges measured?
In Coulombs (C)
What is the interaction between positively and negatively charged objects?
Positively charged objects are attracted to negatively charged objects but repelled by other positively charged objects
Why can there still be an attractive force between a neutral object and a charged object?
What are conductors?
Materials that permit electric charge to move easily from one region to another
What are insulators?
Materials that do not let electric charge pass through
What is charging by friction?
Objects become electrically charged when rubbed against another material
What happens to electrons during charging by friction?
Electrons may be transferred from one material onto the other
What does the triboelectric series rank?
Materials based on their tendency to acquire charge
What is electron affinity?
Quantifies the amount of energy released when an electron attaches to an atom
What is the relationship between electron affinity and tendency to attract electrons?
The higher the electron affinity, the greater the tendency to attract electrons
What is charging by conduction?
Charging by contact with a neutral object
What is charging by induction?
Charging without contact between objects
What does the law of conservation of charge state?
The algebraic sum of all electric charges in a closed system is constant
What happens to charge according to the conservation of charge?
Charge is not created or destroyed; it is merely transferred from one body to another
