Electrostatics 2.0 Flashcards
(117 cards)
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Flashcard 1:
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2
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front: What determines if an object is negatively charged in electrostatics?
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back: An object is negatively charged if it has more electrons than protons.
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Flashcard 2:
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5
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front: What determines if an object is positively charged in electrostatics?
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back: An object is positively charged if it has more protons than electrons.
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8
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front: What defines a neutral object in terms of charge?
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back: A neutral object has an equal number of protons and electrons.
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11
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front: What happens when two like charges interact?
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12
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back: Like charges repel each other and move away from each other.
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14
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front: Give examples of like charge interactions.
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back: Examples include negative-negative or positive-positive charge interactions.
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front: Why do like charges repel each other?
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back: Because a force of repulsion exists between like charges.
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Flashcard 7:
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20
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front: What happens when two unlike charges interact?
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back: Unlike charges attract each other and move towards each other.
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23
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front: Why do unlike charges attract each other?
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back: Because a force of attraction exists between unlike charges.
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Flashcard 9:
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front: Define electrostatic force.
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back: Electrostatic force is the force between electric charges
which can be either attractive or repulsive
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Flashcard 10:
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front: State Coulomb's Law
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back: "The magnitude of the electrostatic force exerted by one point
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charge (Q1) on another point charge (Q2) is directly proportional to the product of the
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magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r)
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between them"
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Flashcard 11:
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front: What is the SI unit of charge?
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back: The SI unit of charge is the Coulomb (C).
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Flashcard 12:
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front: What is the SI unit of distance used in electrostatics?
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back: The SI unit of distance is the meter (m).
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Flashcard 13:
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front: How do you convert microcoulombs to coulombs?
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back: Multiply microcoulombs (µC) by 1 × 10⁻⁶ to get coulombs.
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Flashcard 14:
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front: How do you convert nanocoulombs to coulombs?
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back: Multiply nanocoulombs (nC) by 1 × 10⁻⁹ to get coulombs.
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Flashcard 15:
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front: How do you convert picocoulombs to coulombs?
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back: Multiply picocoulombs (pC) by 1 × 10⁻¹² to get coulombs.
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Flashcard 16:
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front: How do you convert centimeters to meters?
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back: Multiply centimeters (cm) by 0.01 to get meters.
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Flashcard 17:
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front: How do you convert millimeters to meters?
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back: Multiply millimeters (mm) by 0.001 to get meters.
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Flashcard 18:
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front: In Coulomb’s law formula
what does each symbol represent? (F
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back: F = Electrostatic force in Newtons
k = Coulomb's constant (9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C²)
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Flashcard 19:
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front: What is the direction of the force between two like charges?
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back: The force is directed away from each other (repulsive).
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Flashcard 20:
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front: What is the direction of the force between two unlike charges?
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back: The force is directed towards each other (attractive).
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Flashcard 21:
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front: According to Newton's Third Law
what happens when one body exerts a force on another?
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back: The second body exerts a force of equal magnitude in the opposite direction on the first body.
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Flashcard 22:
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front: How do you find the net force when forces act along the same line?
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back: Add or subtract the forces depending on their directions.
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Flashcard 23:
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front: What method do you use to find the net force when forces act at an angle?
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back: Resolve each force into x and y components
add the components separately
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Flashcard 24:
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front: How do you calculate the direction of a net force acting at an angle?
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back: Use trigonometric functions such as the arctangent of (Fy / Fx).
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Flashcard 25:
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front: Describe an electric field.
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back: An electric field as a region of space in which an electric charge experiences a force. The direction of the electric field at a point is the direction that a positive test charge would move if placed at that point.
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Flashcard 26:
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front: What is analogous to an electric field in magnetism?
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back: A magnetic field around a magnet is analogous to an electric field.
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Flashcard 27:
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front: Which way do electric field lines point around a positive charge?
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back: Electric field lines radiate outward from a positive charge.
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Flashcard 28:
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front: Which way do electric field lines point around a negative charge?
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back: Electric field lines point inward toward a negative charge.
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Flashcard 29:
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front: How is the electric field at a point mathematically defined?
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back: Electric field (E) = Electrostatic force (F) divided by the magnitude of the positive test charge (q)
E = F/q.
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Flashcard 30:
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front: What are the units of electric field?
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back: Newtons per Coulomb (N/C).
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Flashcard 31:
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front: What happens to charge when two charged spheres touch each other?
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back: The total charge redistributes and is evenly shared between the two spheres.
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Flashcard 32:
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front: How do you calculate the total charge after two spheres come into contact?
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back: Add the charges on both spheres together (considering signs) to get the total charge.
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Flashcard 33:
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front: What happens to each sphere's charge after contact?
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back: Each sphere ends up with half of the total charge.
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Flashcard 34:
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front: How is Coulomb’s Law applied to find the force between two spheres after they have been touched and charges redistributed?
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back: Use F = k * q₁ * q₂ / r² with the new equal charges q₁ and q₂ and the distance r between spheres.
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Flashcard 35:
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front: How do you calculate the number of electrons transferred given a change in charge?
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back: Number of electrons = Change in charge (ΔQ) divided by the elementary charge (e ≈ 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C)
Number = ΔQ / e.
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Flashcard 36:
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front: What is the approximate value of the elementary charge?
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back: Approximately 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs.
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Flashcard 37:
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front: Summarize the formula used to calculate the electrostatic force between two charges.
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back: F = k * (q₁ * q₂) / r²
where F is force
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Flashcard 38:
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front: Define the electric field at a point
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back: Define the electric field at a point: The electric field at a point is the electrostatic force experienced per unit positive charge placed at that point.
