Element 4

Question 1

What is social development? (4.1)

Answer 1

The process by which a child learns to interact with others around them.

Question 2

What is a social norm? (4.1)

Answer 2

Unspoken rules or guidelines for how people behave and for how people are expected to behave.

Question 3

What is empathy? (4.1)

Answer 3

The ability to emotionally understand what other people feel, see things from their point of view and imagine yourself in someone else’s place.

Question 4

What is emotional development? (4.1)

Answer 4

The way an individual begins to feel about themselves and others.

Question 5

What was in Bronfenbrenner’s Microsystem ring? (4.2)

Answer 5

The child’s immediate environment.

Question 6

What was in Bronfenbrenner’s Mesosystem ring? (4.2)

Answer 6

Relationships between elements in the microsystem.

Question 7

What was in Bronfenbrenner’s Exosystem ring? (4.2)

Answer 7

Events, people and places not directly connected to the child.

Question 8

What was in Bronfenbrenner’s Macrosystem ring? (4.2)

Answer 8

Wider environment.

Question 9

What was in Bronfenbrenner’s Chronosystem ring? (4.2)

Answer 9

World events.

Question 10

What was involved in Maslow’s Physiological hierarchy of needs? (4.2)

Answer 10

Air, water, food, shelter, sleep.

Question 11

What was involved in Maslow’s Safety hierarchy of needs? (4.2)

Answer 11

Security, health and property.

Question 12

What was involved in Maslow’s Love and Belonging hierarchy of needs? (4.2)

Answer 12

Friendship and family.

Question 13

What was involved in Maslow’s Esteem hierarchy of needs? (4.2)

Answer 13

Self-esteem, strength, wisdom.

Question 14

What was involved in Maslow’s Self-actualization hierarchy of needs? (4.2)

Answer 14

Desire to be the best version of yourself.

Question 15

What was Albert Bandura’s Bobo Doll Experiment? (4.2)

Answer 15

An adult actor would attack a bobo doll whilst a child watches. The child would be made annoyed in another room to the bobo doll. The child would then copy the adult actor and attack the bobo doll.

Question 16

What is self-esteem? (4.3)

Answer 16

How we value ourselves overall.

Question 17

How can you develop a child or young person’s self-esteem? (4.3)

Answer 17

Validate feelings, feedback and showing an interest.

Question 18

How can a child or young person’s low self esteem impact behaviour? (4.3)

Answer 18

May show unwanted behaviour (acting out, bullying) and confirm their idea of themselves.

Question 19

How can a child or young person’s high self esteem impact behaviour? (4.3)

Answer 19

May develop superiority, risk taking behaviours and a lack of empathy. May also become angry when they can’t do something they thought they could.

Question 20

What is self-identity and what does it include? (4.4)

Answer 20

The identity we form about ourselves. It includes personality, beliefs, ethnicity and values.

Question 21

Self-concept is made up of three things, what are they? (4.4)

Answer 21

Self-image, self-esteem and ideal self.

Question 22

What is self-concept? (4.4)

Answer 22

A means of identifying thoughts and beliefs that a person has about themselves and how they perceive themselves.

Question 23

What is self-image? (4.4)

Answer 23

How you see yourself.

Question 24

What is self-esteem? (4.4)

Answer 24

How you value yourself.

Question 25

What is ideal self? (4.4)

Answer 25

How you wish you could be.

Question 26

According to Micheal Lewis, what is the Existential Self? (4.4)

Answer 26

The realisation that you exist as separate to others.

Question 27

According to Micheal Lewis, what is the Categorical Self? (4.4)

Answer 27

The realisation that you exist as an individual with distinct characteristics such as age and gender. As we grow, this begins to include how we think.

Question 28

What are the first categories children place themselves in (Existential Self)? (4.4)

Answer 28

Age and gender.

Question 29

What can affect self-concept? (4.4)

Answer 29

Culture, relationships, age and abuse.

Question 30

How can parental expectations affect behaviour? (4.7)

Answer 30

Low self esteem, pressure, moody and unmotivated.

Question 31

How can consistency of care affect behaviour? (4.7)

Answer 31

May close off, impact relationships, seek similar relationships, risk taking behaviour.

Question 32

How can culture and community affect behaviour? (4.7)

Answer 32

Different cultures and communities have different social norms, fears, stereotypes.

Question 33

How can adult and child relationships affect behaviour? (4.7)

Answer 33

Resentment, lack of cooperation, influencing future actions.

Question 34

How can relevant adults support behaviour? (4.7)

Answer 34

Behaviour management plan, behaviour targets and working with parents/carers.

Question 35

How can the practitioner support individuals through planned and unplanned transitions? (4.7)

Answer 35

Listen to how they feel, using visual aids, discuss with parent/carer ways to support and talk to the child/young person about the transition.

Question 36

How can adults support self-regulation? (4.11)

Answer 36

Be a positive role model, talk with children and support children.

Question 37

What is self-regulation? (4.11)

Answer 37

The ability to control our impulses and emotions.

Question 38

How can games encourage turn taking and impulse control? (4.11)

Answer 38

The feelings of winning and loosing, taking turns, patience and empathy.

Question 39

What are the key reasons for adapting behaviour? (4.5)

Answer 39

Learning in educational settings, developing impulse control, conforming to social norms, and making friends and maintaining relationships.