Elements, atoms, isotopes, and ions; test 2

Question 1

who did what?

Robert Boyle

Answer 1

recognized carful mesurments and expiriments, well known for his work with gases and boyle’s law, did not recognize elements

(1627-1691)

Question 2

who did what?

Antoine Lavoisier

Answer 2

law of conservation of masses (matter)

mid 1700’s

Question 3

who did what?

Joseph Proust

Answer 3

law of definite proportions (constant composition) chemical formula

1794

Question 4

who did what?

John Dalton

Answer 4

daltons atomic theory

1808

Question 5

who did what?

Aristotle

Answer 5

disagreeded with daltons atomic theory

Question 6

who did what?

Dalton

Answer 6

daltons atomic theory

Question 7

who did what?

J.J Thomson

Answer 7

cathode ray tube expiriments

1890’s

Question 8

who did what?

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 8

gold foil expiriment

Question 9

who did what?

Niels Bohr

Answer 9

model of the atom that more is more like out modern models

had a handful of problems

Question 10

elements

what were the ANCIENT GREEKS first idea of elements?

Answer 10

4 fundimental elements, earth, air, fire, and water

Question 11

elements

what were ALCHEMISTS?

Answer 11

prcursers to chemists, who tried to turm cheap metals into gold but did not recognize elements

Question 12

elements

how many KNOWN elements are there?

Answer 12

118

Question 13

elements

how many NATURALLY OCCURING elements are there?

Answer 13

88

Question 14

elements

elements can be COMBINED into what?

Answer 14

compounds

Question 15

elements

compounds are used to make what?

Answer 15

different substances

Question 16

elements

what do the 9 most abundant elements make up?

Answer 16

98% of the masses of earths crust, oceans and atmosphere

Question 17

4 meaning of “element”

microscopic

Answer 17

a single atom of a given element

Question 18

4 meaning of “element”

macroscopic

Answer 18

a measurable amount of a given element

Question 19

element name

what LANGUGE do most element names for elements come from?

Answer 19

greek or latin

Question 20

element names

what 3 things are most element named after?

Answer 20

people, places, or greek/latin

Question 21

element symbols

the first letter is always ____?

Answer 21

uppercase

Question 22

element symbols

the second letter is always ___?

Answer 22

lowercase

Question 23

element symbols

if symbol doesnt match its current name it may be based on its ___?

Answer 23

old name

Question 24

element symbols

most symbols are the 1st, 2nd or random ____ of the name?

Answer 24

letters

Question 25

# the atomists when did the idea of atomos originate?

Answer 25

ancient grecce ~450 bc

Question 26

# the atomists who was the group "atomsits"bed by ?

Answer 26

democritus

Question 27

# the atomists Atomos

Answer 27

parts of matter that are "uncuttable"

Question 28

# aristotle's problem what problems does Aristotle have with the idea of atoms?

Answer 28

1. what holds atoms together? 2. why dosent metter simply fall apart? 3. how can we accept atoms if we cannot see them?

Question 29

# who did what? Democritus

Answer 29

leader of the atomists, aristotle had problems with his theory's

Question 30

# Dalton's atomic theory proust's law of definite proportionsis connencted to?

Answer 30

daltomns 4th point of atomic theory

Question 31

# Dalton's atomic theory what is an explaination of law of consercation of matter?

Answer 31

daltons 5th point of atomic theory

Question 32

# Dalton's atomic theory what happens in a chemical reaction to an atom?

Answer 32

atoms are conserved

Question 33

# Dalton's atomic theory what do compounds always have?

Answer 33

the same ratio of atoms of each of its elements

Question 34

# Dalton's atomic theory what can atoms not be?

Answer 34

subdivided, created, or destroyed

Question 35

# Dalton's atomic theory what are the 5 main points of Daltons atomic theory?

Answer 35

1. elements are composed of atoms 2. all atoms of an element are identical 3. atoms cannot be subdivided,created or destroyed 4. compounds always have the same ratio of atoms of each of its elements 5. in chemical reaction, atoms are combined, seperated and rearranged

Question 36

# Dalton's atomic theory what restates the law of conservation of matter ?

Question 37

# the structure of the atom what type of nature of matter does the atom have?

Answer 37

eletrical

Question 38

# the structure of the atom negative particles are ___?

Answer 38

electrons

Question 39

# the structure of the atom what model is used to show J.J's theory?

Question 40

# the structure of the atom what do the elements eject?

Answer 40

negative particles

Question 41

# the structure of the atom what does the plum pudding/cokkie dough model represent?

Answer 41

dough/puudding is positivly charged while the choclate chips/plum are nuggets of charge; they blance out

Question 42

# gold foil expiriment what controls the positive charge of an atom?

Answer 42

the nucleus

Question 43

# gold foil expiriment what did ruthford call the dense center?

Answer 43

nucleus

Question 44

# gold foil expiriment what fills the mostly empty space of the atom?

Answer 44

electrons

Question 45

# ernest ruthford where does the positive charge come from?

Answer 45

the protrons

Question 46

# ernest ruthford where are electrons found?

Answer 46

distant from nucleus

Question 47

# ernest ruthford how are protrons held together?

Answer 47

held together by neutrons

Question 48

# the nuclear atom what is a nucleus?

Answer 48

a very dense, positivly charged center of atom

Question 49

# the nuclear atom what does a nucleus contain?

Answer 49

protrons (p+) and Neutrons (nº)

Question 50

# the nuclear atom where is the electron (e-) found?

Answer 50

far from nucleus

Question 51

# bohr model of the atom what is the main premise of bhor's model of the atom?

Answer 51

a planetary model with a dense nucleus with protrons and neutrons. electrons orbit nucleus in levels, they can move up or down the levels as energy is added or removed

Question 52

# bhor model of the atom what were 3 problems with bhor's model of the atom?

Answer 52

1. only works with hydrogen 2. electrosn are too fast (fan blade) 3. heisenberg uncertainty

Question 53

# modern model of the atom the nucleus is __?

Answer 53

dense and positivly charged

Question 54

# modern model of the atom where are the protrons and neutrons located?

Answer 54

in the nucleus

Question 55

# modern model of the atom what do electrons occupy?

Answer 55

orbitals