Elements, compounds, and mixtures revision

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

pure substances made up of one type of atom.

Question 2

Compound

Answer 2

A substance with two or more different types of atoms that are chemically bonded together

Question 3

Pure substance

Answer 3

A substance made up of one type of particle. It cannot be physically separated. It can exist as either a compound or an element

Question 4

mixture

Answer 4

A substance formed by physically mixing two different substances, and can be physically seperated

Question 5

Where do elements occur on periodic table

Answer 5

in order of increasing atomic number

Question 6

What are the vertical columns and horizontal rows on periodic table

Answer 6

vertical columns: groups
Horizontal rows: periods

Question 7

different ways elements occurs:

Answer 7

single atoms, molecules, lattices

Question 8

molecule:

Answer 8

cluster of two or more atoms bonded together

Question 9

lattice

Answer 9

grid like structure

Question 10

how many elements are there and how many occur naturally?

Answer 10

118 known elements, 91 occur naturally

Question 11

monatomic substance

Answer 11

single atom

Question 12

atomic number =

Answer 12

number of protons in a nucleus

Question 13

atomic mass =

Answer 13

protons + neutrons

Question 14

ductile

Answer 14

can be stretched into wires

Question 15

malleable

Answer 15

can be bent and hammered into sheets

Question 16

brittle

Answer 16

breaks easily when force is applied

Question 17

why do metallic elements bend while non metallic elements break

Answer 17

in metallic elements, the atoms can move around without breaking the metal lattice, while in non metallic elements, the atoms are fixed rigidly in position

Question 18

subatomic particle

Answer 18

a particle smaller than an atoms. these are electrons, protons, and neutrons.

Question 19

protons

Answer 19

A subatomic particle with a positive charge

Question 20

neutron

Answer 20

A subatomic particle with no charge and a mass nearly equal to a proton

Question 21

electron

Answer 21

A subatomic particle with a negative charge with almost no mass. located in electron cloud

Question 22

protons + neutrons =

Answer 22

atomic mass

Question 23

number of protons in an atom =

Answer 23

atomic number

Question 24

Atom

Answer 24

The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically

Question 25

Chemical bond

Answer 25

An attractive force that holds atoms together.

Question 26

Symbol

Answer 26

One or two letters used to represent an element

Question 27

Alloy

Answer 27

Metallic substance made up by mixing a metal and another substance

Question 28

molecular atom

Answer 28

A molecule made up of the same atom

Question 29

What property of an atom determines what element it is?

Answer 29

Number of protons

Question 30

features of metalloids

Answer 30

Metalloids: conduct electricity, conducts heat, lustrous, malleable, ductile, solid at room temp

Question 31

features of non metals

Answer 31

non metals: dull, solids, liquids (1), gasses room temp, poor conductors of heat or electricity, brittle

Question 32

Electrical charge (charge of an atom and why)

Answer 32

Atoms have a neutral charge because there is an equal number of protons and electrons