Elements, compounds, mixtures and atoms Flashcards Preview

Chemistry > Elements, compounds, mixtures and atoms > Flashcards

Flashcards in Elements, compounds, mixtures and atoms Deck (28)
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1
Q

What is an element?

A

a substance made up of one type of atom

2
Q

What is a compound?

A

2 or more elements that are chemically combined

3
Q

what is a mixture?

A

2 or more elements that are not chemically combined

4
Q

what is a species?

A

anything - if you don’t know what it is

5
Q

what is a particle?

A

a small bit of stuff

6
Q

What is a molecule?

A

a small chemically combined collection of atoms like water (2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen)

7
Q

What is a lattice?

A

a large structure of atoms that are chemically combined (that we can see)

8
Q

What are atoms?

A

the simplest form an element can exist as

9
Q

What are atoms made of?

A

3 subatomic particles: electrons, protons and neutrons.

10
Q

What is the mass of an electron?

A

1/1836

11
Q

What is the mass of a proton?

A

1

12
Q

What is the mass of a neutron?

A

1

13
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

negative

14
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

positive

15
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

neutral (no charge)

16
Q

On the periodic table which number is the atomic mass number?

A

the top one

17
Q

On the periodic table which number is the atomic number?

A

the bottom one

18
Q

what does the atomic mass number represent?

A

protons + neutrons

19
Q

What does the atomic number represent?

A

number of protons

20
Q

How do we know the number of electrons?

A

there has to be the same number of protons and electrons so the element doesn’t have an overall charge.

21
Q

What do neutrons do?

A

hold the protons together to stop them repelling each other

22
Q

How can you tell what period an atom is in?

A

how many shells it has

23
Q

How can you tell which group an atom is in?

A

how many electrons it has on its outer shell

24
Q

Why are the noble gases inert?

A

they have a full outer shell

25
Q

The closer an atom is to a full outer shell, the more …….. it is.

A

reactive

26
Q

What is an isotope?

A

if atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons and electrons

27
Q

How do you calculate the average mass of an element?

A

%/100 x mass of isotope 1 + %/100 x mass of isotope 2

28
Q

are mixtures easily separated?

A

yes