Elements of life Flashcards
(16 cards)
atomic number
the amount of protons and electrons in an atom
mass number
the combined number of protons and neutrons
charges
proton = +1
electrons = -1
neutron = 0
Isotopes
- atoms of the same element
- different masses
- different number of neutrons
relative isotopic mass
Relative isotopic mass is defined as the mass of an isotope
relative atomic mass
the weighted mean mass of an atom relative to begin 1 over 12 end style of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
mass spectrometer
produces a mass spectrum shows atoms in order of their charge, position of the peak shows the atomic mass, intensity of the peak shows the relative abundance
calculating relative atomic mass of isotopes
(abundance 1x atomic mass 1)+(abundance 2 x atomic mass 2) over total abundance (should be 100)
nuclear fusion equations
1H + 1H + 2He
Different colour flame test reasoning
-electrons sit in different energy levels around the nucleus of the atom
- further away electrons have higher energy
- energy from the bunsen excites the electron and moves it to a higher energy level
- When it drops back to its original energy level it releases energy as radiation
- The amount of energy released depends on the difference between the ground state and the excited state
- All energy levels are different at different levels
Energy (light), planks constant and frequency
E=hv
speed of light, wavelength and frequency
c= λV
Quantum theory
Each electron has four quantum numbers
quantum level
sublevel
orbital
spin
Subshells and their orbitals
s - 1
p - 3
d - 5
f - 7
Electron configurations
- Electrons fill up the lower energy shells first
- 4s sub shell has lower energy than 3d so it fills first
- ## On the bus rule
