Elements of music Flashcards by Annabel Tebbutt

Q

What does pp stand for?

A

Pianissimo

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Q

Pianissimo definition

A

Very soft (v.quiet)

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Q

What does p stand for?

A

Piano

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Q

Piano definition

A

Soft (quiet)

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Q

What does mp stand for?

A

Mezzo piano

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Q

Mezzo piano definition

A

Moderately soft

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Q

What does mf stand for?

A

Mezzo forte

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Q

Mezzo forte definition

A

Moderately loud

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Q

What does f stand for?

A

Forte

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Q

Forte definition

A

Loud

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Q

What does ff stand for?

A

Fortissimo

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Q

Fortissimo definition

A

Very loud

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Q

What is cresc. short for?

A

Crescendo

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Q

Crescendo definition

A

Gradually getting louder

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Q

What is the symbol for a crescendo?

A

<

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Q

What is dim. short for?

A

Diminuendo

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Q

Diminuendo definition

A

Gradually getting quieter

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Q

What is the symbol for a diminuendo?

A

>

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Q

Largo definition

A

v.slow

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Q

Lento/adagio definition

A

Slow

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Q

Andante/moderato definition

A

Walking pace/moderate

Q

Allegretto definition

A

Quite fast

Q

Allegro/vivace definition

A

Quick/lively

Q

Presto definition

A

Very quick

Accelerando definition

Gradually getting faster

Rallentando/ritardando definition

Gradually getting slower

A tempo definition

Return to the original speed

Ritenuto definition

In slower time

Rubato definition

Rhythms are played in a more free/flexible way ('robbed time')

How many beats is a semibreve?

4

How many beats is a minim?

2

How many beats is a crotchet?

1

How many beats is a quaver?

1/2

How many beats is a semiquaver?

1/4

What does a dot after a note do?

Increases the length of the note by half.

How many beats is a dotted minim?

3

How many beats is a dotted crotchet?

1 1/2

Groups of quavers/semiquavers are usually _____ _____.

Groups of quavers/semiquavers are usually beamed together.

What is the symbol for a sharp?

#

Sharp definition

Raises a note by a semitone

What is the symbol for a flat?

b

Flat definition

Lowers a note by a semitone

Natural definition

Cancels a previous sharp or flat for a note

What is the symbol for a staccato?

.

Staccato definition

Detached

Slur definition

Play smoothly

Tie definition

Hold the notes for the full values of the tied notes.

What is the symbol for an accent?

<

Accent definition

Emphasize the notes (play forcefully)

Pause definition

Hold the note longer

What is the symbol for a sforzando?

sfz

Sforzando definition

Sudden stress/accent