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Essentials of Art & Music > Elements of Music & Art / Middle Ages > Flashcards

Elements of Music & Art / Middle Ages Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Pitch

A

Relative highness or lowness of a musical sound

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2
Q

Interval

A

Distance between two pitches

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3
Q

Dynamics

A

Degree of loudness or softness (pp-p-mp-mf-f-ff)

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4
Q

Crescendo

A

Gradual increase in loudness

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5
Q

Decrescendo

A

Gradual decrease in loudness

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6
Q

Tone Color/Timbre

A

Distinctive quality of sound heard in different instruments

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7
Q

SATB

A

Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass

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8
Q

Strings

A

violin, viola, cello, bass

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9
Q

Pizzicato

A

Pluck a string with the finger instead of using a bow

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10
Q

Vibrato

A

Slight rocking motion with left hand on string

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11
Q

Woodwinds

A

Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon

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12
Q

Reed

A

Thin piece of cane used on some woodwind instruments (part of the mouthpiece)

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13
Q

Brass

A

Trumpet, horn, trombone, tuba

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14
Q

Percussion

A

Sound produced by striking, shaking, or scraping

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15
Q

Definite Pitch

A

ex. timpani, xylophone, chimes (pitch can be changed)

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16
Q

Indefinite pitch

A

ex. cymbals, triangle, tambourine, gong, castanets (pitch fixed)

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17
Q

Keyboard

A

Piano, organ, harpsichord

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18
Q

Rhythm

A

Flow of music through time

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19
Q

Beat

A

Recurrent, regular pulse

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20
Q

Meter

A

Pattern of beats; organization of beats into regular groups (stressed v. unstressed)
Can be triple or quadruple (common time)

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21
Q

Syncopation

A

Stress of a weak beat or between beats; the rhythm is out of sync

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22
Q

Tempo

A

Speed of the beat (Adagio, andante, allegro)

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23
Q

Ritardando/ritard

A

gradual decrease of tempo

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24
Q

Melody

A

Cohesive series of pitches that add up to a recognizable whole

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25
Conjunct
Melody that moves by small intervals called steps
26
Disjunct
Melody that moves by larger intervals called leaps
27
Range
Distance between the highest and lowest pitches of musical work
28
Phrase
Dependent idea within a melody
29
Cadence
Resting place at the end of a phrase; musical punctuation
30
Sequence
Restatement of a melodic pattern at another level; higher or lower
31
Theme
A main melody
32
Harmony
Simultaneous sounding of pitches
33
Chord
Three or more tones sounded together
34
Arpeggio
Sounding of individual tones of a chord in succession, rather than simultaneously (broken chord)
35
Consonance
Point of arrival; feeling of rest; sounds resolved
36
Dissonance
Tension; needs resolution
37
Scale
A specific pattern of whole steps and half steps
38
Major Scale
W W 1/2 W W W 1/2
39
Tonic
The first note of a scale and the chord built on it; tonal center (I)
40
Tonality
Another term for key; the principle of organizing music around one central tone (pitch)
41
Dominant
Chord built on the fifth step of a scale (V)
42
Modulation
To shift from one key to another; temporarily get a new tonic
43
Texture
How the horizontal and vertical come together; the relationship between melody and harmony
44
Monophony
Single unaccompanied melodic line
45
Homophony
Main melody plus accompaniment
46
Polyphony
Two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest performed simultaneously
47
Imitation
Repetition of a melody (or part of a melody) immediately in a different voice; creates polyphony
48
Form
The organization (structural outline) of a music work
49
Repetition
Creates a sense of unity
50
Contrast
Creates a sense of variety
51
Ternary
Three part form; A B A
52
Binary
Two-part form; A B
53
Medium
Artist's physical materials
54
Line
has expressive significance
55
Horizontal line
repose and stability
56
Vertical line
Strength
57
Diagonal
Tension and action
58
Space
Three-dimensional volume that can only be suggested in a painting
59
Linear Perspective
Sense of volume achieved by painting objects that are father away smaller; parallel lines converge to an implied vanishing point on the eye-level horizon line
60
Aerial Perspective
Illusion of depth is achieved by simulating the effect of the atmosphere on objects whereby they look paler and bluer the farther away they are
61
Hue
The actual color
62
Intensity
Brightness v dullness of a color
63
Value
Lightness v. darkness of a color; amount of black or white in a color
64
Form
Based on unity/variety Balanced
65
Focal Point
area of emphasis in an artwork
66
Middle Ages
450-1450
67
Romanesque Architecture
Rounded Arches Thick Walls Modest Height Dark Interior
68
Gothic Architecture
Pointed Arches Flying Buttresses Many windows which allow in much light Soaring Height
69
The Building of a Cathedral:
1. Community affair and a matter of civic pride 2. Could take over a century to build 3. Place to worship and receive biblical instruction
70
Gregorian Chant
1. Gregory 1 (Pope) 2. Rhythm- Variable 3. Ecclesiastical- Sacred Music 4. Gentlemen 5. Only one voice- monophony 6. Range- medium 7. In Latin 8. A-cappella- without accompaniment 9. Not regular scales = modes

Essentials of Art & Music (1 decks)

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