ELEVATORS AND ESCALATOR

Question 1

was signed into law by President Bush on July 26, 1990. The ____ is designed to
give civil rights protection to people with disabilities, similar to those granted by the Civil Rights Act.

Answer 1

“American With Disabilities Act

Question 2

An electric bell located either in or outside the hoistway that should be auto building operating personnel; it is
connected to a pushbutton in the car operating panel, and is available to elevator passengers for summoning aid in
emergencies. A second, battery operated bell is recommended located on the car itself as a back up or for use
during a possible power failure.

Answer 2

Alarm Bell

Question 3

An integral part of an elevator or dumbwaiter driving machine which operates to stop the unit and/or to hold the
weight of the load at a fixed position

Answer 3

Brake

Question 4

Moving member(s) of a brake, lined with friction material which, when in contact with the brake drum, hold the
elevator at floor level. On some types of control, it will stop the elevator when power is removed from the hoist motor

Answer 4

Brake Shoe

Question 5

A device, usually of carbon or graphite composition, used to connect a circuit with the rotating or moving portion of a
DC motor, generator, or other electrical device. It carries current to and from the non-moving parts of connections.

Answer 5

Brush

Question 6

A device located in the pit designed to stop a descending car or counterweight beyond its normal limit of travel. This
is done by absorbing and dissipating the kinetic energy of the descending car or counterweight.

Answer 6

Buffer

Question 7

A buffer using oil as a medium which absorbs and dissipates the kinetic energy of the descending car or
counterweight.

Answer 7

Oil buffer -

Question 8

A buffer utilizing a spring to dissipate the kinetic energy of the descending car or counterweight

Answer 8

Spring buffer -

Question 9

In contract service, this is a customer request which required a check of an elevator other than the regularly
scheduled maintenance.

Answer 9

Callback

Question 10

The load-carrying unit, including its platform, framer, enclosure and car door or gate.

Answer 10

Car (Elevator)

Question 11

A set of weights roped directly to the elevator car of a winding-drum type installation. In practice, this weight is equal to approximately 70% of the car weight

Answer 11

Car Counterweight

Question 12

An electrical device. The function is to prevent operation of the driving machine by the normal operating device,
unless the car door or gate is in the closed position.

Answer 12

Car Door or Gate Electric Contact

Question 13

The top and the walls of the car resting on, and attached, to the car platform.

Answer 13

Car Enclosure

Question 14

The supporting frame to which the car platform, upper and lower set of guide shoes, car safety and the hoist ropes or
hoist rope sheaves, or the plunger of a direct plunger elevator are attached.

Answer 14

Car Frame (Sling)

Question 15

A panel mounted in the car containing the car operating controls, such as call register buttons, door open and close,
alarm emergency stop and whatever other buttons or key switches are required for operation

Answer 15

Car Operating Station

Question 16

Is the assembly of buttons, lights, switches, etc. placed in the elevator car for use of passengers and/or attendant, for
entering passenger destinations and for operation of safety features.

Answer 16

Car Platform

Question 17

A motor-operated or electromagnetic-operated device on the car. It is used to unlock the hoistway door locking
system or interlock.

Answer 17

Car, Retiring

Question 18

A control panel on top of an elevator car. When activated, it removes the car from normal service and allows the car
to run at inspection speed from the car top station only.

Answer 18

Car Top Inspection Station

Question 19

The clear vertical distance from the pit floor to the lowest structural or mechanical part, equipment, or device installed
beneath the car platform (except guide shoes or roller guides, safety jaw assemblies and platform aprons or guards) when the car rests on its fully compressed buffers.

Answer 19

Clearance, Bottom Car

Question 20

The shortest vertical distance between the top of the car crosshead, or between the top of the car where not
crosshead is provided, and the nearest part of the overhead structure or any other obstruction when the car floor is level with the top terminal landing.

Answer 20

Clearance, Top Car

Question 21

is a system of regulations pertaining to the design, manufacture, installation and maintenance of elevators,
dumbwaiters, escalators and moving walks. The most widely recognized and used is ANSI A-17-1, sponsored by the National Bureau of Standards, the American Institute of Architects, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
and published by ASME. It has been adopted by many states. Some state and cities have written their own codes,
most of which are based on the ANSI A-17-1.

Answer 21

Code

Question 22

The electrical system that directs the mover. It starts and accelerates the elevator, maintains contract speed, initiates
and controls the slow down, leveling and stopping. Usual control systems are generator field control utilizing a motor
generator to convert the line ac to dc (dc being the main power for larger hoisting machines), and various types of
direct drives wherein the line ac is converted to dc by means of solid state devices such as SCR’s. Variable
frequency ac utilizing and ac hoisting machine is another form of direct drive.

Answer 22

Control, Elevator

Question 23

A system of speed control which is accomplished by the use of an individual motor driven generator for each elevator
or dumbwaiter. The voltage, applied to the hoisting-machine motor, is adjusted and speed varied by varying the
strength and direction of the generator field

Answer 23

Control, Generator-Field

Question 24

A device or group of devices which serves to control, in a predetermined manner, the apparatus to which it is
connected.

Answer 24

Controller

Question 25

A structural steel frame containing weights either cast iron or steel plates, which runs vertically in the hoistway within its own guide rails, and counterbalances the weight of the car and percentage of the capacity load.

Answer 25

Counterweight

Question 26

The outermost lining of a hydraulic jack.

Answer 26

Cylinder

Question 27

The horizontal upper member of a car frame, consisting of structural steel channels, the selector, or floor controller member. It travels up and down in direct relationship to the car and is equipped with electrical devices involved in operating the elevator.

Answer 27

Crosshead

Question 28

Used in some elevator manufacturers' systems.

Answer 28

Crosshead

Question 29

A drawing showing the electrical operating, speed control and signal circuits of an elevator, dumbwaiter, etc. A “straight” diagram shows all the circuitry and components for the equipment to operate, whereas a “field” diagram indicated to the wireman on the job how to connect the wiring of various components provided during installation.

Answer 29

Diagram, Wiring

Question 30

An electric current flowing in one direction only and substantially constant in value.

Answer 30

Direct Current (DC)

Question 31

A signal fixture located in the elevator car that indicates the direction in which the car is traveling. The fixture may signal for car arrival as the doors are opening.

Answer 31

Direction Indicator, Car

Question 32

Any type of mechanical lock designed to prevent the opening of a hoistway door from the landing side.

Answer 32

Door Lock

Question 33

the movable portion of the car hoistway entrance which closes the opening providing access to the car or to the landing.

Answer 33

Door or Gate, Car or Hoistway

Question 34

A vertically sliding or horizontally sliding (center opening) consisting of two or more sections. The sections or groups of sections are arranged to open away from each other, and are so interconnected that all sections operate simultaneously.

Answer 34

Door, Bi-Parting

Question 35

A motor-driven device mounted on the car which opens and closes the car doors.

Answer 35

Door Operator

Question 36

A mechanical device which closes a hoistway door or a car door or gate by means of a spring or gravity.

Answer 36

Door or Gate Closer

Question 37

Devices mounted on car and hoistway door panels, supporting the doors and guiding their movement. Each hanger consists of a steel track affixed to the car of hoistway entrance and of suitable rollers fastened to the door

Answer 37

Door or Gate Hanger (and Track)

Question 38

Also known as center-parting, these doors utilize two panels and half the width of the opening, with one side sliding to the right and the other half to the left, to open.

Answer 38

Doors, Center-Opening

Question 39

A one-panel door which slides to either the right or left to open.

Answer 39

Doors, Single Slide

Question 40

A ______ door wherein both panels slide either right or left to open. The inner panel moves at one-half the speed as the outer panel. Variations include a three-speed door utilizing three panels. Two sets of two panels each in combination can make a two-speed center-opening door.

Answer 40

Doors – Two Speed

Question 41

These types of doors are used where the hoistway width is limited and only when a wider opening than that possible with a center-opening door is desired.

Answer 41

Doors – Two Speed

Question 42

The power unit which applies the energy necessary to raise and lower an elevator, material lift, or dumbwaiter car. The drive machine can alternatively be used to drive an escalator, inclined lift or moving walkway.

Answer 42

Drive Machine

Question 43

The grooved wheel of a traction-type hoisting machine over the hoist ropes pass. Motion is imparted to the car and counterweight by the hoist ropes.

Answer 43

Drive Sheave

Question 44

A hoisting and lowering mechanism equipped with a car which moves vertically in guides, the floor of which does not exceed nine square feet, whose total inside height, whether or not provided with shelves, does not exceed four feet. The capacity must not exceed five hundred pounds, nor should be used exclusively for carrying materials.

Answer 44

Dumbwaiter

Question 45

The load carrying capacity, operating speed, and other technical data defining the operational capability of an elevator, dumbwaiter, etc.

Answer 45

Duty

Question 46

A unit that provides emergency power for elevator lighting, usually from a battery pack on the car, in the event that normal power is lost. Emergency power is immediately connected whereas standby power depends upon the starting of a standby generator.

Answer 46

Emergency Lighting

Question 47

A device located in the car which, when manually operated, causes the elevator to stop by removing power from the driving-machine motor and applying the brake of an electric elevator; or by acting on the electrically operated valves and/or pump motor of a hydraulic elevator

Answer 47

Emergency Stop Switch

Question 48

The front cover of a signal or operating fixture such as a push-button, position indicator, etc. usually having an architectural finish (bronze, stainless steel, etc.).

Answer 48

Faceplate

Question 49

A device or group of devices which provide: A signal for immediate recall to a designated landing in order to remove cars from normal use. To permit operation for firefighters or other authorized emergency personnel.

Answer 49

Firefighter’s Service

Question 50

A type of hoistway or car closure of a number of wood, metal, or mesh strips, articulated or fixed, usually used on freight elevators.

Answer 50

Gate

Question 51

A traction machine in which the power from the motor is transmitted to the drive sheave through reduction gears.

Answer 51

Geared Traction Machine

Question 52

A type of elevator hoisting machine on which the hoist ropes pass over a traction drive sheave which is an integral part of the armature. It is called gearless because no geared reduction unit is utilized.

Answer 52

Gearless Traction Machine

Question 53

An electromagnetical device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy (usually direct current).

Answer 53

Generator

Question 54

An over-speed safety device, located in the machine room or upper part of the hoistway and driven by a sheave. It passes a rope, which in turn is fastened to and propelled by the car or counterweight. Can also be located in the pit. Should an abnormal condition cause the car or counterweight to descend at a predetermined over-speed, the interaction between the governor and the governor rope causes the safety to engage the guide rails. This will bring the car or counterweight to a controlled stop.

Answer 54

Governor, Elevator

Question 55

A wire rope attached to an elevator car frame that drives the governor and, when stopped by the governor, initiates setting of the car safety.

Answer 55

Governor Rope

Question 56

Steel T-section with machined guiding surfaces installed vertically in a hoistway to guide and direct the course of travel of an elevator car and elevator counterweights.

Answer 56

Guide Rails

Question 57

Devices attached to the car frame and counterweight frame at top and bottom, which keep them properly located with relation the guide rails.

Answer 57

Guides, Car or Counterweight

Question 58

simply slide along the faces of the rails; the sliding insert or gib may be metal, requiring the guide rails to be lubricated, or may be plastic material which is self-lubricating.

Answer 58

Sliding guides

Question 59

consist of rubber or plastic tired spring-mounted rollers which run on the front and both sides of the guide rail faces. Roller guides do not require rail lubrication.

Answer 59

Roller guides

Question 60

A corridor mounted signal light indication that an elevator car is approaching that landing and the direction in which the car is to travel.

Answer 60

Hall Lantern

Question 61

A railing serving as a support.

Answer 61

Handrail

Question 62

A guard, usually made of rubber that fits over the outside of the handrail at a point where the handrail enters or leaves the balustrade; it is to keep a person’s fingers out of the handrail opening

Answer 62

Handrail Guard

Question 63

A shaftway for the travel of one or more elevators, dumbwaiters or material lifts. It includes the pit and terminates at the underside of the overhead machinery space floor or grating, or at the underside of the roof where the hoistway does not penetrate the roof.

Answer 63

Hoistway

Question 64

This Is the fixed structure, consisting of vertical wall or partitions, which isolates the hoistway from all other parts of the building or from an adjacent hoistway and in which the door assemblies and the elevator are installed.

Answer 64

Hoistway Enclosure

Question 65

A locking mechanism applied to elevator landing doors and designed so that the door is locked prior to an electrical contact made.

Answer 65

Hoistway Door Interlock

Question 66

It is used to: Electrically prevent the normal operation of the hoisting machine unless the hoistway door is locked in the closed position.Prevent the opening of the hoistway door from the landing side unless the car is within the landing zone and is either stopped or being stopped.

Answer 66

Hoistway Door Interlock

Question 67

In Car – See “Independent Service” Landing – A switch, either key, card-key or other restricted operation, which calls an elevator to that landing. It is usually on a priority basis and holds it there to allow operation of the in-car emergency service switch.

Answer 67

Hospital Emergency Service

Question 68

A power elevator where the energy is applied by means of a liquid under pressure in a cylinder equipped with a plunger or piston

Answer 68

Hydraulic Elevator

Question 69

A special operation wherein a car is removed from automatic operation and no longer automatically answers car or landing calls. It responds only to the calls registered on the car operating panel. Usually activated by a switch (key or enclosed) in the car panel.

Answer 69

Independent Service

Question 70

A signal device mounted at elevator landings over or adjacent to the elevator entrance. An illuminated indication and an audible signal will alert the waiting passenger that the elevator is arriving, as well as its direction of travel as it leaves the floor.

Answer 70

Lantern, Hall or Landing

Question 71

A scaled mechanical drawing showing dimensioned plan views, elevations of an elevator hoistway & machine room to indicate space conditions, pertinent dimensions, sizes, and location of components of the installation.

Answer 71

Layout

Question 72

The movement of an elevator toward the landing sill when it is within the leveling zone. When the word leveling is used, the inference is that the process of attaining a level or stop position (the platform level with the landing sill) is performed completely automatically.

Answer 72

Leveling

Question 73

The portion of the building dedicated exclusively to housing the driving and control parts of an elevator or dumbwaiter. Parts include the machine, controller, selector, motor generator, etc.

Answer 73

Machine Room

Question 74

Steel T-sections with machined guarding surfaces installed vertically in a hoistway to guide and direct the course of travel of an elevator car.

Answer 74

Main (Car) Guide Rails

Question 75

Automatic operation by means of one button in the car for each landing served and one button at each landing. All calls are registered by the momentary actuation of landing or car buttons. Also, the corresponding stops are made irrespective of the number of buttons actuated or of the sequence in which the buttons are actuated.

Answer 75

Non-Selective Collective Automatic Operation

Question 76

With this type of operation, the car stops at all landings for which buttons have been actuated, making the stops in the order in which the landings are reached after the buttons have been actuated, but irrespective of its direction of travel. This operation is seldom provided

Answer 76

Non-Selective Collective Automatic Operation

Question 77

An elevator operating system wherein landing and car calls are retained. The elevator will respond to UP landing call only in the UP direction, and to DOWN landing call in the DOWN direction, as well as any car calls registered as that floor is reached.

Answer 77

Operation, Collective

Question 78

The logic system that directs the elevator to perform specific functions. The operating system tells the elevator when to start or stop, open or close the doors, go up or down or to park. Inputs to the operating system are the landing calls, the car calls, the loading of the elevator, delays during passenger transfer, malfunctions and interference.

Answer 78

Operation, Elevator

Question 79

The automatic operation of two or more elevators which are associated. The operation of the cars is coordinated by a supervisory control system including automatic dispatching means. selected cars at designated dispatching points automatically close their doors and proceed on their trips in a regulated manner. To operate two or more elevators as a team, a group operating system is employed. The system directs the action of each elevator to attempt to keep them separated and so that no more than one elevator generally responds to a landing call in a given direction. Various strategies are used and can consist of the timed dispatching of elevators to space them away from a main landing, the deployment of elevators to park them at various locations throughout the elevator rise, and to calculate which elevator is in the best position to answer landing calls to optimize or equalize response. Some versions of a group automatic operating system automatically start cars to “cruise” in search of landing calls at times when no calls are in registration whereas other systems will not move elevators until a call registers a “demand”.

Answer 79

Operation, Group Automatic

Question 80

______is the basis of most automatic elevator operating systems.

Answer 80

Collective

Question 81

Variations of “Collective Operation” are as follows:

Answer 81

Elevator Operation Group Automatic Operation Single Automatic Operation

Question 82

______ is also referred to as “on call” system, i.e. cars will not move unless a car or landing call is in registration.

Answer 82

Collective

Question 83

______ operation by means of one button in the car for each landing served and one button at each landing. If any car of landing button has been actuated, the actuation of any other car or landing operating button will have no effect on the operation of the car until the response to the first button has been completed.

Answer 83

Operation, Single Automatic

Question 84

A part of an escalator machine. It is actuated by centrifugal force and trips a switch when the motor speed has increased 20% over its rated name plate speed

Answer 84

Overspeed Governor Switch

Question 85

Usually response to the first button has been completed. Often used with an “In Use” light located in the landing buttons.

Answer 85

Operation, Single Automatic

Question 86

The portion of a hoistway extending from the threshold level of the lowest landing to the floor at the bottom of the hoistway.

Answer 86

Pit, Elevator

Question 87

In a hydraulic elevator, the part that pushes the car up or restrains its descent; it moves within the cylinder by means of hydraulic pressure.

Answer 87

Plunger

Question 88

A device that indicates by illuminated numbers in a digital readout, the position of the elevator in the hoistway. It is called a hall position indicator when placed at a landing or a car position indicator when placed in a car. Also, it can be found in a lobby Indicator Panel or may be part of a CCTV display in a central location or machine room.

Answer 88

Position Indicator

Question 89

Inspections, tests, cleaning and similar activities carried out on elevator equipment with the intention of preventing malfunctions from occurring during operation. It is designed to keep equipment in proper operating order and is done on a scheduled basis. It is also referred as scheduled maintenance.

Answer 89

Preventative Maintenance

Question 90

A protection system for entering or exiting passengers against sliding doors. It is a device, usually mounted on the car door and consisting of light ray devices which will stop and reverse a closing door.

Answer 90

Proximity Edge

Question 91

The load which the elevator, dumbwaiter or escalator is designed and installed to lift at the rated speed.

Answer 91

Rated Load

Question 92

An electric device that is designed to interrupt input conditions in a prescribed manner and after specified conditions are met, to respond and cause contact operation or create change in associated electric control circuits.

Answer 92

Relay

Question 93

A quantity of electro magnetic switches, relays or panels, constituting a panel, mounted in the machine room usually for receiving and registering all calls made by passengers by means of the landing or car buttons. Also may be solid state devices.

Answer 93

Relay Panel

Question 94

A power passenger electric elevator installed in a private residence, and which has a rated load not in excess of 750 lbs., a rated speed not in excess of 40 feet per minute, a net inside platform area not in excess of 12 square feet, and a rise not in excess of 50 feet per the A17.1

Answer 94

Residential Elevator

Question 95

A power passenger lift, installed on a stairway in a private residence, for raising and lowering persons from one floor to another.

Answer 95

Residential Stairway Lift

Question 96

Guide shoes which use rollers that rotate on guide rails, rather than sliding on the rails.

Answer 96

Roller Guides

Question 97

One in which the energy is applied by a piston or plunger, connected to the car with wire ropes, which operates under hydraulic pressure. It includes the cylinder, the piston or plunger and sheaves, if any, and their guides

Answer 97

Roped-Hydraulic Driving Machine

Question 98

_______ made of steel or iron strands with non-metallic cores. Types include: Hoist – used to support and move the car & counterweight Governor – see “Governor-Elevator”. Compensating – suspended from below the care to below the counterweight, and used on high-rise elevators to offset the weight unbalance occurring when a large amount of hoist rope is on the car side or on the counterweight side due to car position. The compensation keeps the overbalance, or empty and full cars, within the traction capability of the machine drive sheave

Answer 98

Ropes

Question 99

A cabinet located in the elevator car containing special controls necessary for operating automatic elevators during service and testing periods. May also include fan switches, light switches, and an Independent Service switch.

Answer 99

Service Cabinet

Question 100

A wheel mounted in bearings. It also has one or more grooves over which a rope or ropes may pass.

Answer 100

Sheave

Question 101

The utilization of static electrical components, micro-processors, programmable controllers or integrated circuits to control the operating system of an elevator or group of elevators.

Answer 101

Solid State - Logic

Question 102

The utilization of static electrical components such as SCR’s and programmable controllers in the motion control system of an elevator.

Answer 102

Solid State – Motor Drive

Question 103

A detailed itemized description of the plans, materials, dimensions and all other requirements proposed for the installation of the equipment.

Answer 103

Specifications

Question 104

Phase I: Recall - A key switch in the lobby that, when actuated, return the car(s) to the main floor where they park with their doors open. Phase I is also activated by signal from a smoke detector located in upper floor elevator lobbies. In some jurisdictions, a main lobby smoke detector may send elevators to an alternate floor during Phase I. Phase II: In-Car Fire Service - A key switch in the car that allows the elevator to be operated by emergency personnel from car buttons only during an emergency such as fire.

Answer 104

Special Emergency Services (Firefighter’s Aid)

Question 105

A key switch in the lobby that, when actuated, return the car(s) to the main floor where they park with their doors open. Phase I is also activated by signal from a smoke detector located in upper floor elevator lobbies. In some jurisdictions, a main lobby smoke detector may send elevators to an alternate floor during Phase I.

Answer 105

Phase I: Recall

Question 106

A key switch in the car that allows the elevator to be operated by emergency personnel from car buttons only during an emergency such as fire.

Answer 106

Phase II: In-Car Fire Service

Question 107

The reservoir for the operating fluid on a hydraulic elevator.

Answer 107

Tank

Question 108

Controls on the top of the car used by an elevator constructor to operate the car at inspection speed. It provides a means of operating an elevator from on top of the car at slow speed during adjustment, inspection, maintenance and repair.

Answer 108

Top-of-Car Inspection Station

Question 109

An electric machine in which the friction between the hoist ropes, and the machine sheave is used to move the elevator car.

Answer 109

Traction Machine

Question 110

The vertical distance between the bottom terminal landing and the top terminal landing of an elevator, dumbwaiter, or escalator.

Answer 110

Transom

Question 111

A sheathed bundle of flexible traveling wires hanging from under the elevator car at on end; anchored to the hoistway and leading to the machine room at the other end; connecting equipment in or on the car (buttons, lights, switches, door operator, etc.) to the control equipment in the machine room.

Answer 111

Traveling Cable

Question 112

________ may contain shielded wiring, coaxial cable and possibly fiber optics

Answer 112

Traveling cables