Elimination

Question 1

micturition

Answer 1

the action of urinating

Question 2

polyuria

Answer 2

lots of urination

Question 3

polydipsia

Answer 3

excessive thirst

Question 4

anuria

Answer 4

absent urine

Question 5

oliguria

Answer 5

only a little bit of urine

Question 6

Nocturia

Answer 6

night urination

Question 7

Dysuria

Answer 7

painful urination

Question 8

Does urinary incontinence affect women or men more and why?

Answer 8

Women because of childbirth and pregnancy

Question 9

Give examples of stress incontinence

Answer 9

women who are pregnant

coughing or sneezing

Question 10

Give an example of functional incontinence

Answer 10

Wheelchair or bed bound patient

someone with mobility issues

Question 11

What is mixed incontinence?

Answer 11

A combination of stress and urge incontinence

Question 12

Give an example of transient incontinence

Answer 12

A child not using the restroom
someone afraid to get up
If someone had a procedure like a urinary catheter

Question 13

What factors can affect urinary elimination

Answer 13

1. meds
2. fluid and food intake
3. muscle tone
4. psychosocial factors
5. pathologic conditions
6. Surgical and diagnostic procedures

Question 14

How long should a nurse wait before getting a sample from a urinary catheter?

Answer 14

15-30 minutes after clamping the tubing

Question 15

What lab value is important for the nurse to review before taking a patient to do a CT scan with iodine?

Answer 15

Check the creatinine levels for good kidney function because iodine can impair kidney function

Question 16

Does a patient have to send their stool sample out over night?

Answer 16

Not necessarily. They can keep it in the refrigerator overnight

Question 17

Should a patient eat before an x-ray, CT scan, or MRI?

Answer 17

no

Question 18

Give an example of a bulk-form agent

Answer 18

Metamucil (make sure they are having a bowel movement before giving it)

Question 19

Give an example of a bowel stimulant

Answer 19

Mira-lax

Question 20

Give examples of lubricants to help with bowel elimination

Answer 20

Enemas
Mineral oils
Some suppositories

Question 21

Give an example of a saline laxative

Answer 21

Milk of magnesia

Question 22

What are some signs of a bowel obstruction

Answer 22

They are not passing gas
fluid and electrolytes go down
abdominal distention
Bowel sounds are silent (they could be high pitched at first and then go silent)
Vomiting (may turn malodorous with a fecal smell)

Question 23

Why are children risk factors for elimination?

Answer 23

They get nervous
They ignore the need to go
Allergy medications can dry up the bladder
diet
deep sleeper
Don’t start to control their bowel until 18-24 months

Question 24

Why are pregnant women risk factors for elimination?

Answer 24

1. The fetus pushes on the intestine and the bladder causing urinary incontinence and constipation
2. Pregnancy can cause hemorrhoids
3. hormones can cause weakening of pelvic floor muscles
4. swelling in the peri-area

Question 25

Why are older adults risk factors for elimination?

Answer 25

1. muscles are weakening especially around the sphincters 2. hurts them to get up to go to the bathroom 3. cognition declines decreased mucus 4. often times they hold their urine for too long

Question 26

What color are stools in an upper GI bleed and a lower GI bleed?

Answer 26

``` Upper= black tarry stools Lower= Red stools ```

Question 27

What are some primary prevention techniques for elimination?

Answer 27

1. hydration 2. dietary fiber intake 3. routine toileting practices 4. regular exercise 5. avoid environmental contamination

Question 28

What are some secondary prevention procedures for elimination?

Answer 28

1. colonoscopy 2. occult blood screening 3. prostate cancer screening

Question 29

What are some surgical interventions for urinary elimination?

Answer 29

1. Prostate surgery 2. Bladder surgery 3. Urinary diversion 4. Surgery for renal calculi 5. Stents for renal calculi

Question 30

What are some surgical interventions for bowel elimination?

Answer 30

1. Colectomy 2. Colostomy or ileostomy 3. Rectal prolapse repair 4. Hemorrhoidectomy

Question 31

What is a colectomy?

Answer 31

the suction of an area and reconnects to the colon

Question 32

What color should a stoma be?

Answer 32

Beefy red

Question 33

What is important to remember when a patient who has a colostomy or ileostomy is taking a shower?

Answer 33

take the bag off when showering

Question 34

Elimination of BPH health history that contributes

Answer 34

Diet high in meats and fats, 70, and African American

Question 35

Bowel movement different

Answer 35

Increase fiber and increase water consumption

Question 36

What is BPH?

Answer 36

A nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland commonly seen in the aging man.

Question 37

What is the best way to decrease the risk of BPH?

Answer 37

1. maintain a healthy lifestyle 2. control body weight 3. exercise daily 4. maintain blood glucose levels with proper management of diet in combination with necessary treatment for hyperglycemia

Question 38

What are the s/s of BPH?

Answer 38

1. weak urinary stream, increased time to void, hesitancy, incomplete bladder emptying, and postvoid dribbling 2. frequency, urgency, incontinence, nocturia, dysuria, and bladder pain

Question 39

What are some treatment options for BPH

Answer 39

Surgery (TUNA, TURP, open surgery, laser surgery)

Question 40

What is a TURP

Answer 40

A resectoscope is inserted through the urethra, and the obstructing prostate tissue is excised with an electrocautery wire loop. Segments of the tissue are then flushed into the bladder with irrigation solution, where they are stored until the end of the surgery and then flushed out of the body.

Question 41

What pharmacologic agents are used for BPH?

Answer 41

1. Alpha-adrenergic blockers | 2. 5-Alpha reductase inhibitors

Question 42

What are some important lifestyle changes for a man with BPH?

Answer 42

1. urinating at the first urge 2. avoiding alcohol and caffeine 3. drinking small amounts of fluids spread throughout the day 4. avoid drinking fluids within 2 hours of bedtime 5. Avoiding over-the-counter cold and sinus meds that contain decongestants or antihistamines 6. Exercising regularly, including pelvic floor exercises 7. Reducing stress

Question 43

What is CBI and how should a nurse use it?

Answer 43

Irrigation prevents the formation of blood clots, which can obstruct urinary output. Maintain the rate of flow of irrigating fluid to keep the output light pink or colorless. Assess the urinary output every 1-2 hours for color, consistency of amount, and presence of blood clots.

Question 44

What are the s/s of TURP syndrome?

Answer 44

1. hyponatremia 2. decreased hematocrit 3. hypertension 4. bradycardia 5. nausea 6. confusion

Question 45

How long does someone have to wait to have sex after having surgery for BPH?

Answer 45

after 6 weeks

Question 46

How long should someone wait before going back to work after having surgery for BPH?

Answer 46

4 weeks if it is not strenuous, but 6-8 weeks if otherwise