Elizabeth

Question 1

How often did privy council meet

Answer 1

Daily by 1590s

Question 2

Cecil contribution to government

Answer 2

Propaganda system
Intelligence system at home and abroad
Intervention in Scotland 1560
Lord Treasurer with Prudent economic policy

Question 3

Essex contribution

Answer 3

1597 Cadiz expedition
1599 truce with Tyrone
1601 Essex rebellion

Question 4

Key divisions in privy council

Answer 4

1578 intervention in Netherland, Walsingham and Dudley for, Cecil agaist
1579, Alencon, Cecil vs Leicester
1587- all wanted MQOS dead
1590s- R CECIl vs DEV

Question 5

Conflicts in parliament

Answer 5

Liz banned talk of marriage 1567
1576 Peter Wentworth freedom of speech
Walter Strickland 1571
1601, Monopolies (golden speech)

Question 6

Establishing her settlement

Answer 6

Act of supremacy and Uniformity, Royal injunctions, old vestments but communion table for alter 1559

Question 7

How many Marian Bishops refused oath

Answer 7

2000

Question 8

How did gov deal with confusion over doctrine

Answer 8

Royal injunctions and 39 articles- moved towards Calvinism

Question 9

New archbishop of Canterbury after Catholics resign

Answer 9

Matthew Parker

Question 10

Threats of MQOS

Answer 10

Northern Earls 1569

Ridolfi- Pope, Phillip backed, Norfolk MQOS

Throckmorton- Spanish and papal money, french forces- 1584- Mendoza involved

Babington 1586- Execution attempt- Walsingham intecepts

Question 11

Gov responses to threats

Answer 11

-Troops to Scotland after Northern Earls
-Act against Papal bulls after ridolfi
-Any priest ordained by pope is treason after Throckmorton

Question 12

Pros of financial

Answer 12

600,000 from crown lands
Cut costs through no new palaces or naval expenses until 1573
Unpaid officials
300,000 surplus by 1588

Question 13

Cons of financial

Answer 13

Cecil with lack of reform
WInchester and Leicester owing 70,000
Stagnation of ordinary revenue- fuedal due profits fell, lost pace with inflation
Unpopular measure by 1590s

Question 14

Catholic Opposition

Answer 14

MQOS plots
Almost stopped early acts in lords
Jesuit and Seminaries from 1580s
Papal Bull 1570s

Question 15

Gov acts to stop Jesuits and Seminaries

Answer 15

1585 act saying treasonous to be ordained by Pope
1602 ordered all to leave

Question 16

Puritan opposition

Answer 16

Parliament
Prophesying 1570s, meetings for puritans
Presbyterianism 1580s- Calvinist ,meetings
Vestments controversy in response to 1566 advertisements

Question 17

Who suppressed the puritans

Answer 17

John Whitgift with his 24 questions for the clergy

Question 18

Elizabethan Social Legislation

Answer 18

• Poor act 1576, Poor houses and attempted to establish a national system of relief, wasn’t successful
• 1597 poor relief act- Hospitals for ill, work for children and adults- supported deserving poor

1598 act for the punishment of rogues- harsh punishment, whipping etc

1601- Distinguished between deserving and undeserving poor, national relief system- lasted 250 years

Question 19

Statute of artificers details

Answer 19

1563, Landmark of social legislation by benefitting young full time labourers- full contracts, set maximum wage rates

Though, this led to high unemployment, could have increased to keep pace with inflation- also harsh punishments for not paying suggets an issue (imprisonment)

Question 20

Government currency efforts / cost of living

Answer 20

• Plans to withdraw debased coinage
• Prices rose not at fault of gov- harvests and pop growth
• 20% bad harvests, 25 starvation buried in Newcastle
• Wider income inequality-

Question 21

Trade and exploration success

Answer 21

Success

1564- 60% return on investment into Hawkins venture

Drake destroying ships in Cadiz 1587- damages Spain for Armada

Circumnavigation returned with 400,000 worth of treasure

East india company, muscovy company- 25,000 per anum-trade

Question 22

Trade and exploration failure

Answer 22

John Hawkins last expedition in 1568- bloodshed, San Juan de Ulua

Cecil unloading Spanish bullion led to trade ending 1568

Cloth exports 75% to 74%, still dependent

Question 23

Security success

Answer 23

Treaty of Blois 1572

Defeating Spanish armada 1588- better guns and ships, prevented full spanish control of coast for invasion

Cecil intelligence system and Walsingham success

She did not succumb to the preas

Question 24

Security failure

Answer 24

Essex failure to defeat Irish rebels in 1599- received spanish backing

Security jeopardised by treaty of Cateua Cambresis 1559- ended hostilities between france and spain which England had relied on to maintain secure- CAVEAT with French wars of religion for 30 years prevented them being a threat

Question 25

Support foreign protestants to establish her religious settlement on the international stage

Answer 25

1560 treaty of Edinburgh - secured prot council Her 1572 expulsion of the sea beggars leads to a protestant revolt against the Spanish- supported her aim of assuring that Spain don't have firm control of the nation When she finally decided to intervene, showing she was in control- kept her councillors in check- treaty of Nonsuch 1585- end of her reign Netherlands only loosely controlled by Spanish in the South- Success

Question 26

Failure of Supporting foreign protestants

Answer 26

Scotland not complete success as James VI briefly plotted under the influence of an agent of the Guise family in 1578 Failure in her support in treaty of Nonsuch because Leicester quarrelled with the dutch returned to England as well as badly paid poorly disciplined, alienated them.

Question 27

Elizabethan Art and Architecture

Answer 27

Nicholas Hilliard- showed english success and propaganda Portraiture- Phoenix portrait represented rebirth of England after fire of Mary Kenilworth Castle- Summer royal progress Renouned for its symmetry and size CAV- Only certain artists could paint her

Question 28

Drama

Answer 28

- Shakespeare- globe, social gap bridged- used as propaganda eg Richard III -Christopher Marlowe- Jew of Malta - New theatres built in London CAV- had to have a license, royal backing needed- Earl of Leicester's players went to Netherlands

Question 29

Music

Answer 29

Orlando Gibbons church of England music Secular music with male voices grew Major element of the arise of gentleman expected to know rules of harmony

Question 30

Influences of Golden Age

Answer 30

Religion- new music, creation of gentleman class, rational thought, exacerbated by printing press eval arguing other factors ELizabeth- royal licenses, many arts were driven to impress her or as propaganda eg Kenilworth castle or plays to present her in good light or paintings eg phoenix Shakespeare- bridging social gap etc, greek tragedies showed humanist growth and was the best aspect argued by many