Elizabeth I, 1558-1603 Flashcards
(19 cards)
When was the College at Douai set up? What was it?
- Philip of Spain contributed to an English Catholic cardinal in setting up a seminary aiming to educate priests in Catholicism. They were to return to England as Catholic missionaries.
What and when was the Northern Rebellion?
In 1569, Two Catholic nobles led a rebellion against Elizabeth to replace her with Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots, after the Duke of Norfolk was refused to marry her. Northumberland and Westmoreland (nobles) held an illegal Catholic mass in Durham Cathedral and marched south with 4600 men. When the rebels were disbanded, Elizabeth put 800 to death, executed Northumberland, and imprisoned Westmoreland, who later escaped to France.
What was the 1570 Papal Bull?
The Pope excommunicated Elizabeth. He ordered to “end Elizabeth’s rule.”
What and when was the Ridolfi Plot?
In 1571, an Italian named Ridolfi and the Duke of Norfolk plotted that an invasion from the Netherlands would coincide with another Northern Rebellion. It had the support of the Spanish Ambassador. They planned to murder Elizabeth and replace her with MQOS. The plot was exposed. Elizabeth executed Norfolk, and expelled Ridolfi and the Spanish ambassador.
What did Elizabeth declare in 1574?
Any priest ordained after 1559 was a traitor and was to be executed.
When was the Throckmorton Plot? What was it?
1583 - Throckmorton Plot. Sir Francis Throckmorton planned to assassinate the queen and replace her with MQOS. Once she had been killed, there would be an invasion by French Catholics and an uprising of English Catholics.
Throckmorton was executed and MQOS was placed under an even closer guard - she was moved to Tutbury Castle and was allowed no visitors.
This led to the creation of the Bond of Association - Walsingham declared that anyone who attempted to usurp the throne was to be hunted down and executed.
What was the Babington Plot? When was it?
1586 - Attempted to murder Elizabeth and replace her with mary. Babington and six other plotted were killed, and this is was resulted in Mary’s execution when it was found she had known and agreed with the plot all along.
How did the possibility of marriage affect Parliament?
MPs continuously asked Elizabeth to marry in 1559, 1563, 1566 and 1587.
In 1593, Peter Wentworth wanted Elizabeth to name her successor.
She would frequently give vague replies to dissuade her MPs from the topic, and in 1566 angrily told them it was not convenient to discuss her personal affairs.
Who were the most prominent members of Elizabeth’s privy council?
William Cecil, Robert Dudley, Francis Walsingham, Christopher Hatton, and Robert Devereux.
Who was William Cecil? Why was he significant?
- Was Elizabeth’s most trusted advisor.
- Secretary of State: the most powerful minister. All correspondence passed through him.
- Moderate and cautious.
Who was Robert Dudley? Why was he significant?
- Committed Puritan.
- Often disagreed with William Cecil on religion and foreign affairs.
- Brash and radical.
- Master of the Horse - responsible for the Queens safety.
Who was Sir Francis Walsingham? Why was he significant?
- In charge of Elizabeth’s secret service, controlling spies and informers.
- Secretary of State for foreign affairs.
- A Puritan.
- An MP.
Why was Parliament important in Elizabethan society?
- To pass laws. Laws could not be enforced unless through Parliament.
- To raise taxes for war.
- It was a nuisance for Elizabeth.
Give some examples of laws passed by Parliament during Elizabeth’s reign.
- 1563, all apprenticeships must last at least 7 years to provide financial security in the country as people remained in employment.
- 1601, the Poor Law: beggars would be punished and the deserving would be helped.
- 1581, Catholics would be punished.
1584 - Catholic priests ordained after 1559 were declared traitors and were to be executed.
Which portraits of Elizabeth reinforced the ‘cult of Gloriana’ image?
The Pelican Portrait
The Rainbow Portrait
The Sieve Portrait
The Phoenix Portrait
Which classical names were attributed to Elizabeth? Why?
Gloriana, Belphoebe and Cynthia.
They were to reinforce the idea that Elizabeth was an impenetrable ‘virgin queen’, whose body natural was as strong as the body politic, by likening her to god-like classical myths.
When were the Statutes of Apparel passed?
1574.
When were acting troupes licensed?
1572
When was the Curtain built?
1577.
