Elizabethan England Flashcards
(20 cards)
What were the Spanish-Netherlands?
Netherlands controlled by Spain from 1548 (led by 1st Duke of Alba then 2nd Duke of Parma)
Why were the Spanish-Netherlands a threat to Elizabethan England?
Because it meant that Spain could quickly travel to England (attack)
What was the religious settlement?
List of rules Elizabeth came up with to keep peace between Protestants and Catholics
Who was Sir Francis Walsingham + what was he best known for?
Was statesman, diplomat and secretary of state(1573)
Best known for creating highly effective spy networks
Weakness of the Elizabethan government?
-Persistent threat to Elizabeth’s authority
-inherited political divisions
-Liz refused to let William Cecil (who was in a very weak and ill state)
-number of ministers died in quick succession and Liz didn’t quickly replace them
Who were Lord Lieutenants?
Chosen by monarch, part of the local government.
Roles was to help to ensure policies were carried out.
Who was the head of the Privy council?
Secretary of State
Strengths of the Elizabethan government?
-always ready for the time of the crisis (war)
-has support+advice from the Privy Council
-Elizabeth always held ultimate decision
Main problems faced by the Elizabethan government?
-religious conflict
-France+Spain both ruled by Kings (powerful)
-worried who Liz would/could marry (foreign prince could take control over England)
-Liz never married so no heir to the line of succession
What was the Privy Council+its role?
To carry out orders of the monarch and instruct 19 council members
How did people react to the Religious settlement?
-26 out of 27 bishops refused to swear oath of supremacy
-Puritans angry because of the act of supremacy+crucifixes
-Caused people want to rebel against Liz :(
What caused the Northern Earls to Rebel/Revolt?
-MQOS imprisoned
-Religious settlement
-Replaced Catholic Earls/Nobels with
Protestant ‘New Men’
Reasons why Spain+England didn’t get on:
-Liz rejected Phillip’s marriage proposal-1558
-Liz imprisoned MQOS (Phillip+ MQOS are catholic so Phillip no like she’s imprisoned)
-Francis Drakes actions (stealing from Spain)
-1576-Genoese loan (Liz sized gold that was supposed to pay Spanish troops in Netherlands, they get no money=they stop working)
Who was Francis Drake and what was he famous for?
English privateer(pirate) working for Liz.
Best known for his circumnavigation of the world.
(was one of the first to be involved in the British slave trade)
Who was William Cecil?
-head of privy council
-secretary of state until 1573
-advised Liz how to run government
What year was the Spanish Armada?
1588
What year was the Genoese loan?
1576
Reasons why the Colony of Roanoke failed:
-lost supplies- lead ship ‘Tiger’ got into an accident
Because of this food gets rotten and gun powder got damaged so no hunting
-not prepared for the climate-many died
-expected Native Americans to work the for free
-many people not in their suitable job
-killed local chief Wingina
Who was Walter Raleigh?
Member of the gentry and courtier, writer, historian and explorer.
(Elizabeth’s favourites)
1584, Liz gives him a grant to explore and settle land in North America.
What is the divine right of Kings?
Belief that monarch was chosen by God
