ELS

Question 1

(1) It has liquid water.
(2) surface or lithosphere which includes the crust and the upper mantle; and
(3) It has atmosphere that shelters it from the worst of the sun’s rays.

Answer 1

EARTH

Question 2

it is the gaseous layer above the Earth’s surface, primarily composed of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. Other gases like argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and other inert gases made the remaining 1%.

Answer 2

ATMOSPHERE

Question 3

__%nitrogen and __%oxygen

Answer 3

78% and 21%

Question 4

the zone of Earth where all forms of life exist: in the sea, on land, and in water.

Answer 4

BIOSPHERE

Question 5

as the large ecosystem

Answer 5

BIOSPHERE

Question 6

a very thin layer of the earth’s surface.

Answer 6

BIOSPHERE

Question 7

the solid Earth, consisting of the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes the core, mantle, and crust of the Earth.

Answer 7

GEOSPHERE

Question 8

the water part of the Earth which circulates among oceans, continents, glaciers, and atmosphere.

Answer 8

HYDORSPHERE

Question 9

Oceans cover __% of the Earth and contain __% of its water.

Answer 9

71% AND 97.5%

Question 10

Earth’s spheres

Answer 10

geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

Question 11

atmosphere (___), biosphere (_____), hydrosphere (____), and geosphere (____).

Answer 11

AIR-LIVING THINGS-WATER-LAND

Question 12

The biosphere receives

Answer 12

gases, heat, and sunlight (energy) from the atmosphere.

Question 13

mineral’s color may change depending on the surface.

Answer 13

color

Question 14

color of mineral in powdered form

Answer 14

streak

Question 15

minerals resistance to scratching

Answer 15

Hardeness

Question 16

mineral’s resistance to being broken and fracture

Answer 16

Cleavage

Question 17

structure or habit

Answer 17

Crystalline

Question 18

ability to allow light to pass through it. This is affected by chemical makeup of the mineral sample.

Answer 18

Diaphaneity/amount of transparency

Question 19

how light is reflected off a surface

Answer 19

Luster

Question 20

describes the minerals reaction to stress.

Answer 20

tenacity

Question 21

ability of minerals to be slide by a knife

Answer 21

sectility

Question 22

Petrology

Answer 22

study of rocks

Question 23

formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten material that originates deep within the earth.

Answer 23

Igneous

Question 24

forms when magma makes its way to Earth’s surface as lava and then cools. The crystals are very small (fine-grained) since the cooling process is fast.

Answer 24

Extrusive/Volcanic rock

Question 25

It cools slowly beneath the Earth surface and are created by magma.

Answer 25

Intrusive/Plutonic

Question 26

transformation of one rock type into another

Answer 26

metamorphism

Question 27

It may happen when rock is buried deep below the surface of the earth.

Answer 27

Regional

Question 28

the rock minerals and textures are changed mainly by heat due to contact with magma

Answer 28

contact

Question 29

Exogenic Process

Answer 29

weathering - erosion - transport - deposition

Question 30

is the separation and removal of weathered rocks due to different agents like water, wind, and glacier that causes transportation of the material to where they are deposited.

Answer 30

erosion

Question 31

breakdown of rocks into pieces without any change in their composition.

Answer 31

mechanical/physical weathering

Question 32

mechanical transfer of heat by vibration of atoms and molecules

Answer 32

conduction

Question 33

is the transfer of heat by the movement of mass, and it is a more effective mode of heat transport in the Earth than pure conduction.

Answer 33

convection

Question 34

is the least important mode of heat transport in the Earth

Answer 34

radiation

Question 35

Convection currents are identified in

Answer 35

Earths outer core and mantle

Question 36

is composed of semi-liquid hot molten rocks located beneath the Earth, specifically in the melted mantle rock and oceanic plate

Answer 36

magma

Question 37

formed by magma intrusion

Answer 37

igneous rock

Question 38

They have a very high silica content; more than 65% of SiO2 ● Before forming into igneous rocks, its magma has high viscosity, more viscous than the intermediate magma. ● They have light color. ● Their density is very low. ● They are composed of quartz and alkali feldspar. ● Examples of these rocks are granite and rhyolite

Answer 38

FELSIC IGNEOUS ROCK

Question 39

They have a very high silica content; more than 65% of SiO2 ● Before forming into igneous rocks, its magma has high viscosity, more viscous than the intermediate magma. ● They have light color. ● Their density is very low. ● They are composed of quartz and alkali feldspar. ● Examples of these rocks are granite and rhyolite

Answer 39

FELSIC IGNEOUS ROCK

Question 40

formed on the surface of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from underground

Answer 40

EXTRUSIVE

Question 41

rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.

Answer 41

INTRUSIVE

Question 42

Rising the material in the mantle spreads alongside, carrying the seafloor away from the seafloor ridges in the center of the ocean basin.

Answer 42

SEAFLOOR SPREADING

Question 43

is a plate boundary along which the relative motion between the two plates is parallel to the strike of the fault

Answer 43

transform fault

Question 44

where new crust is generated as the plates pull away from each other.

Answer 44

divergent

Question 45

where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another.

Answer 45

convergent

Question 46

process creates layers of rock (strata).

Answer 46

Stratigraphy

Question 47

method of arranging geological events base on the rock sequence

Answer 47

Relative dating

Question 48

technique will you use in determining the numerical age of a rock or a fossil?

Answer 48

Absolute dating

Question 49

is the age of a rock layer while absolute age is the numeric dating of a layer of rock.

Answer 49

Relative dating

Question 50

was formed when soil and other Earth’s material are eroded and settle down forming one layer of Sediments

Answer 50

Sedimentary rock

Question 51

Geologic Time scale subdivision

Answer 51

Eons, eras, periods, epochs

Question 52

- called as “Age of Reptiles” where dinosaurs and giant reptiles roamed the earth

Answer 52

Mesozoic ERA