ELS 214

Question 1

is the study of the relationship between language and the mind/brain.

Answer 1

Psycholinguistics

Question 2

Studies how individuals (especially children) acquire their first or second language.

Answer 2

Language Acquisition

Question 3

Examines how people understand spoken and written language.

Answer 3

Language Comprehension

Question 4

Studies how the brain generates speech and writing.

Answer 4

Language Production

Question 5

Examines the brain structures and neural mechanisms involved in language processing.

Answer 5

Neurolinguistics

Question 6

Investigates how multiple languages are stored and processed in the brain.

Answer 6

Bilingualism & Multilingualism

Question 7

Studies how people recognize written words and comprehend texts.

Answer 7

Reading and Writing (Orthographic Processing)

Question 8

Develops computational and cognitive models of how language is processed.

Answer 8

Psycholinguistic Models & Theories

Question 9

a linguistic and cognitive theory that argues that humans are born with an innate ability to acquire language.

Answer 9

Nativism/Nativist Theory (Noam Chomsky)

Question 10

a set of innate linguistic rules shared by all human languages.

Answer 10

universal grammar

Question 11

a theoretical brain mechanism that allows children to learn any language.

Answer 11

LAD (Language Acquisition Device)

Question 12

a psychological theory that explains language acquisition as a learned behavior based on stimulus, response, and reinforcement.

Answer 12

Behaviorism/Behaviorist Theory (B.F. Skinner)

Question 13

Through Social Interaction & Communication

Answer 13

Social Interactionist Theory (Lev Vygotsky)

Question 14

Language develops through cognitive growth and social interaction.

Answer 14

Cognitive Theory (Jean Piaget)

Question 15

brain’s ability to change & adapt

Answer 15

Neuroplasticity

Question 16

language disorder caused by brain damage

Answer 16

aphasia

Question 17

ability to speak and understand 2 languages

Answer 17

bilingualism

Question 18

ability to speak & understand three or more languages

Answer 18

multilingualism

Question 19

naturally from birth
effortless
near-universal

Answer 19

L1 Acquisition (First Language)

Question 20

L1 Acquisition

Answer 20

Pre-linguistic
One-word Stage
Two-word stage
Early Sentence Formation
Grammar & Vocabulary Growth

Question 21

require formal learning or immersion
effort & practice
exposure

Answer 21

L2 Acquisition (Second language)

Question 22

study of the human mind

Answer 22

psychology

Question 23

study of the language

Answer 23

linguistics

Question 24

studies how humans produce & perceive sounds

Answer 24

phonetics

Question 25

study of the organization & function of speech sounds

Answer 25

phonology

Question 26

study of words & morphemes combined

Answer 26

Syntax

Question 27

Study of words, how they are formed

Answer 27

Morphology

Question 28

study of reference, meaning, and truth

Answer 28

semantics

Question 29

study of how context contributes to meaning

Answer 29

pragmatics

Question 30

Branches of Linguistics

Answer 30

Psycholinguistics Phonetics Phonology Semantics Morphology Syntax Pragmatics

Question 31

explains how people use learn language

Answer 31

Language Acquisition Model

Question 32

Language Acquisition Model

Answer 32

Nativist Theory Behaviorist Theory Social Interactionist Theory Cognitive Theory

Question 33

explains how we understand

Answer 33

Language Comprehension Model

Question 34

LCM

Answer 34

Cohort Model (Marslen-Wilson) Connectionist Model

Question 35

brain activates the possible word candidates

Answer 35

Cohort Model (Marslen-Wilson)

Question 36

brain processes multiple pieces of language

Answer 36

Connectionist model

Question 37

How we form/generate words

Answer 37

Language Processing Model

Question 38

LPC

Answer 38

Levelt's Model of Speech Production

Question 39

Levelt's Model of Speech Production

Answer 39

Conceptualization Formulation Articulation Self-Monitoring

Question 40

Bilingual & Multilingual Processing Model

Answer 40

A. Revised Hierarchical Model (Kroll & Stewart B. Code-switching Model

Question 41

an approach that integrates knowledge, methods & perspectives

Answer 41

Interdisciplinary

Question 42

study of the nervous system

Answer 42

Neuroscience

Question 43

Language Brain Structures

Answer 43

Broca's Area Wernicke's Area Motor Cortex Angular Gyrus

Question 44

involved in speech production & grammar

Answer 44

Broca's area

Question 45

responsible for language comprehension

Answer 45

Wernicke's area

Question 46

controls the physical act of speaking

Answer 46

motor cortex

Question 47

responsible for reading & writing

Answer 47

angular gyrus

Question 49

caused by damage to Broca's area

Answer 49

Broca's aphasia

Question 50

caused by damage to the Wernicke's area

Answer 50

Wernicke's aphasia

Question 51

affects reading & language processing

Answer 51

Dyslexia

Question 52

delayed language development

Answer 52

Specific Language Impairment (SLI)

Question 53

memory loss

Answer 53

Alzheimer's Disease