EM Flashcards
(30 cards)
formula for ETT size?
age/4 + 4
what is the tidal volume formula for a vent
7 mL/kg
to which areas are antibiotics indicated for bite wounds (3)
hands, feet, and face
what bugs do you want to protect against in bite wounds
s aureus
pasteurella
human bites- s viridans, s aureus, anaerobes
what is the bite?
target lesion consisting of a red circle surrounding a white ring, appears within hours, and becomes necrotic
brown recluse spider
treatment for brown recluse spider bite (loxosceles reclusa)
self limited
no tx
what are the symptoms of a black widow bite? (2)
muscle aches (belly, low back, chest) HTN
treatment for black widow spider bite (latrodectus mactans)
local wound care and pain control
with severe muscle spasms can give benzos
tetanus ppx
only use antivenom in small children with severe sx or as a secondary option is supportive measures do not work
how to identify a venomous vs non venomous snake?
venomous snakes have triangular heds
non venomous snakes have round heads
or a red and yellow snake (red and yellow killed a fellow)
management of venomous snake bite
immobilize limb and let it hang (lower than heart)
what type of bleeding results from shaken baby syndrome
subdural
what could cause a bloody ATRAUMATIC LP
epidural
what are the dangerous consequences of an electrical burn (3)
arrhythmia
rhabdo
renal fail
what meds can be given by ETT
LANE
lido
atropine
narcan
epi
ingestion of which drugs can result in hypoglycemia? (4)
1- oral hypoglycemic agents/insulin
2- beta blockers
3- ethanol
4- salicylates
what is an acute toxic dose of acetminophen
150 mg/kg or 7.5g
what ingestions cause anticholinergic effects (9)
1- antihistamines (diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine) 2- antipsychotics 3- TCAs 4- atropine 5- OTC anti spasmodics 6- mushrooms 7- jimson weed (has atropine) 8- nightshade (belladonna) 9- angel trumpet flower
how to differentiate from toxicity from BB and CCB
both have bradycardia and hypotension
BB has low glucose
CCB have high glucose
what is a toxic dose of ibuprofen?
> 400mg/kg
what is a toxic dose of iron
> 60mg/kg
what is the ingestion?
- N/V
- tinnitus
- hyperventilation –> respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis
- agitation, confusion coma
- dehydration
- hypokalemia, hypoglycemia
- hyperthermia
- renal fail
salicylate
what are the EKG findings with TCA ingestion (5)
prolonged QRS >100ms rightward deflection of terminal ms of QRS prolonged QT tachycardia large R wave in aVR
where are the 3 locations that esophageal FB can get lodged
1- upper esophageal sphincter
2- aortic arch
3- lower esophageal sphincter
calculation for osmolal gap
osmolal gap + measure osmolality - (2Na + BUN/2.8 + glucose/18 + EtOH/4.6)
