Embolism- Parsa Flashcards
Starts on venous side ends up on arteriole side
Paradoxial
travel to the right heart and instead of making their way into the lungs, they find a right-to-left heart passage in the wall between the atria or the ventricles (septal defect)
Fat embolism
fat apparent in bone marrow (fatty marrow released in blood stream)
caused by long bone fractures
Cholesterol Embolism
plaque may become an embolus following plaque rupture. Embolic events of this nature have also become recognized as a possible complication during catheterization or surgery on atherosclerotic arteries whereby plaques are accidentally traumatized.
Amniotic Fluid Embolism
DIC-initiating stimuli
complication of labor and cesarean section, presumably through amniotic membrane rupture. It may cause sudden respiratory distress, cyanosis and collapse. Microscopically, emboli of fetal origin are found in the lung, including epithelial cells, lanugo hair (pigmented fetal hair), fat, mucous droplets and meconium (initial intestinal discharge of a newborn).
What causes gas embolism?
side effect of medical care (e.g., intravenous catheters, heart-lung bypass machine, obstetrical procedures). It may also arise from a penetrating chest wall injury. It is important to recognize that there is negative pressure in the veins of the head, neck, and chest during inspiration in the upright position, allowing them to draw in air, potentially causing a fatal air embolus.
What are 3 types of shock
hyopvolemic shock
cardiogenic
General vasodilation
Hypovolemic
hemmorage
renal fluids
water electrlytes loss (addison’s)
Burns( plasma loss through skin)
Cardiogenic
heart not pumping blood
Massive pulmonary embolism
Massive arrhythmias rupture
General Vasodilation
cytokine stimulated
analphylactic
Steps of shock
compensation (reversible) (to maintain perfusion/ treatedwith meds to increase perfusion)
impaired issue perfusion
decompensation (irreversible)
