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Embryo Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

Prosencephalon gives rise to what?

A

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

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2
Q

Mesencephalon gives rise to what?

A

Midbrain

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3
Q

Rhombencephalon gives rise to what?

A

Metencephalon (Pons + Cerebellum)

Myencephalon (Medulla)

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4
Q

Where is the lateral ventricle located?

A

Telencephalon

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5
Q

Where is the third ventricle located?

A

Diencephalon

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6
Q

Where is the cerebral aqueduct located?

A

Mesencephalon

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7
Q

Where is the fourth ventricle located?

A

Between metencephalon and myencephalon

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8
Q

What week do the forebrain and hindbrain divide?

A

Week 5

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9
Q

Where do microglial cells derived from

A

Blood monocytes

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10
Q

What day does rostral neuropore close?

A

Day 25

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11
Q

What day does caudal neuropore close?

A

Day 27

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12
Q

Cervical flexure

A

Between hindbrain and spinal cord

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13
Q

Pontine Flexure

A

Divide hindbrain into metencephalon and myencephalon

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14
Q

Cephalic Flexure

A

Separates midbrain from forebrain (persists)

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15
Q

What weeks to basal ganglia develop

A

Week 6-23

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16
Q

Holoprosencephaly

A

Incomplete separation of cerebral hemispheres

*Associated with hypotelorism (close eyes), microcephaly, intellectual disability, pituitary dysfunction

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17
Q

Where does APG come from

A

Rathke’s Pouch (First arch ectoderm)

Surface ectoderm

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18
Q

Where does PPG come from

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A

Neuroectoderm

19
Q

What does the alar plate of the neural plate give rise to?

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A

Dorsal horn; sensory fibers that stay within CNS

20
Q

What does the basal plate give rise to?

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A

Motor neurons that go to skeletal muscle

Preganglionic autonomics

21
Q

Zone I of neural canal

Study These Flashcards
A 
[Ventricular Zone]
Germinal Stem cells
Ependymoblasts
Ependymal Cells
Choroid Plexus Cells
22
Q

Zone II of neural canal

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A

[Intermediate Zone]

Grey matter
Cell bodies
Astrocytes
Glioblasts

23
Q

Zone III of neural canal

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A

[Marginal Zone]

White matter
Oligodendrocytes
Axon tracts

24
Q

Order of nuclei midline to lateral

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A 
GSE (3 4 6 12)
GVE
SVE (5 7 9)
GVA/SVA
SSA
GSA
25
Medial to lateral orientation of nuclei in upper medulla
MOTOR Hypoglossal nucleus Vagal nuclei Nucleus ambiguus SENSORY Vestibulococchlear nuceli Solitary nucleus Spinal Trigeminal
26
What plate gives rise to the cuneate and gracilis nuclei?
Alar plate (since they are both sensory- PCML tract!)
27
What side is more medial in the brain stem, motor stuff or sensory stuff?
Motor
28
What is derived from the basal plate in the Pons?
Facial motor nucleus Trigem motor nucleus Superior salivatory nucleus Abducens nucleus
29
What are derived from the basal plate in the Midbrain?
Edinger-Westphal Red nucleus Oculomotor Trochlear
30
What are derived from the alar plate in the Midbrain?
Superior colliculus | Interior colliculus
31
Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Damage to CST Scissor Gait
32
Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy
Damage to basal ganglia Slow snake like movements
33
Ataxic Cerebral Palsy
Damage to cerebellum Drunken sailor gait Fall towards side of lesion
34
Chiari Type I
Present in adulthood Associated with syringomyelia Herniation of cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum - Lower cranial nerve issues
35
Chiari Type II
Present in infancy/childhood Associated with spina bifida (meningomyelocele) Herniation of medulla + cerebellum through the foramen magnum Associated with hydrocephaly - due to blockage of cerebral aqueduct Lower cranial nerve issues
36
Dandy Walker Malformation
Posterior fossa cyst, continuous with FOURTH ventricle Hypoplasia of cerebellum, absence of vermis Can also see GI/Heart problems
37
Hydraanencephaly
Absence of cerebral hemispheres, with membranous sacs | - Big heads
38
What is the order of cytodifferentiation of the Cerebrum?
Inside --> Out Ventricular Zone Preplate Then axons grow inbetween and give rise to the intermediate zone
39
Where are the 2. neurons formed in the cerebrum cytodifferentiation?
Middle of preplate: Marginal Zone Cortical Plate Subplate
40
What does Marginal zone of the preplate correspond to?
Lamina I
41
What does the cortical plate correspond to?
Lamina 5 and 6
42
Lissencephaly (Agyria)
Smooth brain due to failure of neuronal migration weeks 12-24
43
Order of Cerebellum development | ITS ALL NEUROECTODERM! :)
1. Ventricular cells migrate towards Pia matter 2. External germination center migrates up and around pia 3. External germ cells migrate back down and in to form the granular layer
44
What tissue are schwann cells, autonomic ganglia, spinal ganglion cells and peripheral sensory neurons derived from?
Neural Crest

Neuro I (4 decks)

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