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Anatomy Unit 3 Final > Embryo- Heart Development > Flashcards

Embryo- Heart Development Flashcards

1
Q

heart and great vessel development begins when?

A

week 3

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2
Q

heart development begins development with what layer?

A

cardiogenic mesoderm

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3
Q

location of cardiogenic mesoderm

A

cranial and lateral to oropharyngeal membrane

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4
Q

when does horse-shoe shaped endothelial cord canalize?

A

week 4

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5
Q

primordial heart tube formed by what type of folding?

A

lateral body folding

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6
Q

transverse pericardial sinus forms with what action?

A

degeneration of dorsal mesocardium

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7
Q

bulbus cordis is composed of:

A

truncus arteriosus

conus cordis

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8
Q

conus cordis function

A

outflow tract of ventricles
forms R ventricle
caudal portion of bulbus cordis

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9
Q

conus cordis forms the:

A

R ventricle

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10
Q

primordial atria go on to become

A

R and L auricles

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11
Q

sinus venosus goes on to become

A

coronary sinus

sinus venarum

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12
Q

truncus arteriosus is composed of:

A

pulmonary trunk and aorta

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13
Q

direction of heart folding of cranial end

A

ventral, caudal, to the right

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14
Q

direction of heart folding caudal end

A

dorsal, superior

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15
Q

heart tube formation occurs from

A

days 18-22

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16
Q

cardiac loop formation occurs from

A

days 22-28

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17
Q

partitioning of the heart occurs from

A

week 4-7

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18
Q

endocardial cushions

A

endothelial cells near AV junction revert to mesenchymal state, invade cardiac jelly, proliferate

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19
Q

how are dorsal and ventral walls of AV canal formed?

A

endocardial cushions push and bulge out into AV canal forming walls

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20
Q

formation of AV septum

A

dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions fuse

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21
Q

AV septum divides:

A

AV canal into R and L

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22
Q

what two septa fuse to form interatrial septa?

A

septum primum

septum secundum

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23
Q

from where does septum primum develop?

A

roof of primordial atrium

moon shaped membrane

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24
Q

formation of foramen primum

A

septum primum grows inferiorly to fuse with endocardial cushions - space between inf. septum primum and endocardial cushion

25
Q

formation of foramen secundum

A

foramen primum eventually closes off and holes form in septum primum (apoptosis) and holes join to make this

26
Q

formation of septum secundum

A

as holes in septum primum coalesce to make foramen secundum, this develops from roof of primordial atrium slightly R of septum primum

27
Q

formation of foramen ovale

A

formed when septum secundum grows inferiorly and develops an opening

28
Q

how does blood pass from R to L atrium?

A

f. ovale and foramen secundum

29
Q

before birth, ________ atrium has lower pressure and _________ atrium has higher pressure

A

L lower

R higher

30
Q

acts as a valve for foramen ovale

A

septum primum

31
Q

how does foramen ovale close?

A

after birth LA pressure > RA pressure
pushes valve closed against septum secundum
the two valves fuse = close foramen ovale

32
Q

fossa ovalis

A

depression in wall of R atrium after closure of foramen ovale

33
Q

interventricular foramen

A

opening between R and L ventricles

34
Q

formation of IV foramen

A

muscular part of IV septum grows cranially toward AV septum (does not fuse)

35
Q

from where is membranous IV septum derived?

A

endocardial cushion tissue mesenchyme

36
Q

most common congenital heart defect

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
failure of IV septum to completely form
membranous > muscle

37
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

INTERventricular septal defect
Hypertrophy of RV
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis

38
Q

how does TOF occur?

A

aorticopulmonary septum divides outflow tract unevenly = pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta

39
Q

When does sinus venosus development occur?

A

7-8 weeks

40
Q

what 3 paired veins drain into sinus venosus?

A

Vitelline v.
Common Cardinal v.
Umbilical v.

41
Q

where does sinus venosus usually open?

A

directly into central dorsal wall of primordial atrium

42
Q

order sinus venosus veins from medial to lateral

A

vitelline -> umbilical -> common cardinal

43
Q

what happens to sinus venosus?

A

opening into primordial atrium shifts to R -> formation of opening to future RA

44
Q

R horn of sinus venosus becomes

A

RA sinus venarum

45
Q

crista terminalis

A

end of rough part (pectinate m) in wall of RA

transition point to sinus venarum

46
Q

left horn of sinus venosus becomes

A

coronary sinus

47
Q

coronary sinus drains into

A

right atrium

48
Q

smooth part of L atrium formed from

A

absorption of primordial pulmonary vein tissue

49
Q

aortic sac becomes

A

ascending aorta

50
Q

truncus arteriosus becomes

A

roots/prox aorta and pulmonary trunk

51
Q

conus cordis becomes

A

outflow tract of ventricles

52
Q

proximal bulbus cordis becomes

A

right ventricle

53
Q

primordial ventricle becomes

A

left ventricle

54
Q

primordial atrium becomes

A

L/R auricles and trabeculated parts of atria

55
Q

R horn of sinus venosus becomes

A

sinus venarum of R atrium

56
Q

L horn of sinus venosus becomes

A

coronary sinus

57
Q

primordial pulmonary v. and brs. become

A

smooth wall part of left atria

58
Q

first sign of heart formation

A

horse-shoe shaped endothelial cord forms in cardiogenic mesoderm

Anatomy Unit 3 Final (12 decks)

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