Embryology

Question 1

Body of sphenoid

Answer 1

Hypophyseal cartilage

Question 2

Sphenoid lesser wings

Answer 2

Ala orbitalis

Question 3

Body of ethmoid bone

Answer 3

Fused Trabeculae cranii

Question 4

Base of occipital bone

Answer 4

Parachordal cartilage + sclerotome of occipital somite (cartilaginous mass)

Question 5

Prtrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone

Answer 5

Otic capsules

Question 6

Malleus & incus

Answer 6

Dorsal end of the 1st pharyngeal arch cartilage

Question 7

Stapes & styloid process of temporal

Answer 7

Dorsal end of 2nd pharyngeal arch

Question 8

Lesser horns and upper body of hyoid bone

Answer 8

Ventral of 2nd pharyngeal arch

Question 9

Greater horns and lower body of hyoid bone

Answer 9

Ventral end of 3rd pharyngeal arch

Question 10

Cartilages of the larynx

Answer 10

4th & 6th pharyngeal arches

Question 11

Where do the maxillary & mandibular prominences originate from ?

Answer 11

1st pharyngeal arch

Question 12

Maxilla, zygomatic bond and squamous of temporal

Answer 12

Maxillary prominence

Question 13

Mandible

Answer 13

Mandibular prominence

Question 14

Nucleus pulpous

Answer 14

Notochord

Question 15

Vertebral arches

Answer 15

Mesenchymal cells around neural tube

Question 16

Costal process of thoracic vertebra

Answer 16

Mesenchymal cells in the body wall

Question 17

Sternum

Answer 17

somatic layer of the lateral plate mesoderm > mesenchyme > Sternal bars

Question 18

Bones with intramembranous ossification

Answer 18

Cranial vault, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic bone and clavicle

Question 19

What is the order of appendicular bone formation in the embryo?

Answer 19

Upper then lower (proximodistally)

Question 20

Joints

Answer 20

Interzonal mesenchyme

Question 21

Muscles of mastication

Answer 21

Myoblasts of the 1st pharyngeal arch

Question 22

Muscles of facial expression

Answer 22

Myoblasts of the 2nd pharyngeal arch

Question 23

Stylopharyngess

Answer 23

Myoblasts of the 3rd pharyngeal arch

Question 24

Pharyngeal & laryngeal muscles

Answer 24

Myoblasts of the 4th & 6th pharyngeal arch

Question 25

Deep back muscles

Answer 25

Myotome Epaxial division

Question 26

Name the 4 myotomes raising from hypaxial division

Answer 26

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar and Sacroccygeal

Question 27

What does craniostosis mean?

Answer 27

Early closure of frontanelles

Question 28

What is spina bifida?

Answer 28

Failure of vertebral arches to fuse posteriorly

Question 29

What does ribs form from?

Answer 29

Costal processes

Question 30

What is weber fingers/toes?

Answer 30

Lack of apoptosis in digital rays

Question 31

Middle ear

Answer 31

Otic vesicle

Question 32

Hand & fingers

Answer 32

Limb buds > digital rays

Question 33

What is syndactly?

Answer 33

Webbed fingers

Question 34

Quadratus lumborum muscle

Answer 34

Lumbar myotome

Question 35

Lateral and ventral back muscles

Answer 35

Thoracic myotome