Embryology And Anatomy Flashcards
(28 cards)
What root on the maxillary first molar has the least amount of root available for periodontal attachment?
Distobuccal
What is formed when the inner and outer enamel epithelium form at the base of the cervical loop?
Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath
The dental pulp is derived from the?
Dental papilla
What nerve does an infraorbital nerve block anesthetize?
Middle superior alveolar nerve
Arteries that supply the maxillary sinus
Deep temporal Sphenopalatine Posterior sup alveolar ASA Infraorbital
The mucosa covering the nasal cavity is what type of epithelium?
Pseudostratified columnar
What are the three embryonic layers in head and neck embryology?
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Pharyngeal Arch Development
Brachial Arch (GR. Branchia = gill) Arch consists of three trilaminar embryo layers: ectoderm (outside), mesoderm (core of mesenchyme), endoderm (inside)
Neural crest
- Mesenchyme invaded by Neural crest, generating CT components
- Cartilage, bone ligaments
- arises from midbrain and hindbrain regions
Arch features
- each arch contains an artery, cartilage, and nerve
- humans have 5 arches (1,2,3,4,6) no 5 (regresses or does not form)
- forms rosto-caudal sequence, arch 1 to 6 (from week 4 onwards)
- arch 1,2: face, appear after closure of cranial neuropore
- arch 3,4: neck components (4&6 fuse)
The primary palate is formed by 2 parts
- Maxillary components of the first pharyngeal arch (lateral)
- Frontalnasal prominence (midline)
Intermaxillary segment gives rise to the following structures?
Nasal septum Primary palate Floor of the nasal cavity Philtrum Middle portion of maxilla Gingiva
What are the stages of tooth development?
Initiation Bud Cap Bell Maturation
What cells form the tooth germ?
These cells are derived from the ectoderm of the first pharyngeal arch and the ectomesenchyme of the neural crest
What three parts is the tooth germ organized into?
Enamel organ
The dental papilla
Dental sac or follicle
What constitutes the enamel organ?
Outer enamel epi
IEE
Stellate reticulum
Stratum Intermedium
What does the enamel give rise to?
Ameloblasts
What does the ameloblasts do after enamel maturation?
Becomes apart of the reduced enamel epi
Dental papilla gives the…?
Pulp (from mesenchymal cells)
Odontoblasts
Dental sac or follicle gives rise to?
Cementoblasts
Osteoblasts
Fibroblasts
What growth factor is present in the condensing ectomesenchymal cells in the dental papilla in early cap stage?
NGF-R
What regulation protein is present in all tooth development stages (bud, cap, bell, crown)?
Sonic hedgehog
What hormone is required for tooth eruption?
PTH
What happens during the initiation stage of tooth development?
6-7 week
Ectoderm lining stromodeum gives rise to oral epi and then dental laminate, adjacent to deeper mesenchyme and neural crest cells and separated by a basement membrane.
