Embryology general Flashcards
(101 cards)
22q11 Deletions are associated with what cardiac defects?
truncus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot
Down syndrome is associated with what cardiac defects?
VSD, ASD (ostium primum type), AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
Turner syndrome is associated with what cardiac defects?
Coarctation of the aorta
Cardiac defects in offspring of a diabetic mother?
Transposition of the great vessels
Cardiac defects associated with congenital rubella
Septal defects, PDA, pulmonary artery stenosis
Cardiac defects associated with Marfan syndrome
Aortic insufficiency (late complication)
Cardiac defect associated with fetal alcohol syndrome?
VSD
Treatment for PDA?
indomethacin - Decreases PGE, which maintains patency
4 features of tetralogy of fallot
pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, VSD, aorta that overrides the VSD
What does the heart looked like on x-ray in tetralogy of fallot?
Boot shaped
What stage eggs arrested in before puberty?
Prophase of meiosis I
saccrococygeal teratomas are thought to arise from what embryonic structure?
Primitive streak
What is the vitelline duct?
connects the yoke sac to the midgut. can persist as Meckel’s diverticulum, which is sort of like an extra appendix in the distal ileum (commonly 30 in from ileocecal valve), and can present with painless brick red bleeding (average age around 2). More common in females
Anterior pituitary germ layer
surface ectoderm
Melanocytes germ layer
Neural crest
Bones of skull germ layer
Paraxial mesoderm
Serious membranes around limbs germ layer
Somatic/parietal lateral mesoderm
gut tube epithelium and glands germ layer
Endoderm
Sensory epithelium: nose, eye, ear germ layer
Surface ectoderm
Lens of eye germ layer
Surface ectoderm
Muscle germ layer
Paraxial mesoderm
Autonomic nervous system germ layer
Neural crest
vertebrae germ layer
Paraxial mesoderm
Three main divisions of paraxial mesoderm
Sclerotome (bone, cartilage), dermatome (dermis, subcutaneous), myotome (muscle)
