Embryology Multiple Choice (from Practice Test)

Question 1

1. Which of the following changes occurs at birth?
   A. blood pressure in the right atrium becomes significantly higher than in the left atrium
   B. Ductus venosus shunts blood from the aorta into the pulmonary trunk
   C. Resistance to blood flow into the pulmonary arteries is significantly reduced
   D. Right ventricle pumps blood exclusively into the systemic circulation
   E. Significant amount of blood regurgitates from the ventricles into atria

Answer 1

C. Resistance to blood flow into the pulmonary arteries is significantly reduced

Question 2

2. Pericardioperitoneal canals:
   A. allow communication between abdominal and thoracic cavities
   B. allow lengthening and looping of the endocardial tubes
   C. are located dorsal to the cardiogenic area before embryonic folding
   D. are the openings into the omental bursa
   E. provide space for the neural tube development

Answer 2

A. allow communication between abdominal and thoracic cavities

Question 3

3. Central tendon of the diaphragm derives from the: 
A. dorsal mesentery. 
B. pleuroperitoneal membrane. 
C. proximal midgut. 
D. septum transversum. 
E. ventral pancreatic bud.

Answer 3

D. septum transversum.

Question 4

4. Fusion of the right and left endocardial tubes form:
   A. the primitive heart tube.
   B. the dorsal aorta.
   C. during the 2nd week.
   D. caudal to septum transversum in 3rd week.
   E. in the septum transversum.

Answer 4

A. the primitive heart tube.

Question 5

5. At which stage of lung maturation do Pneumocytes first appear? 
A. Alveolar 
B. Canalicular 
C. Pneumocytes develop postnatally 
D. Pseudoglandular 
E. Terminal Sac

Answer 5

E. Terminal Sac

Question 6

6. In a patient lying supine, ascites (peritoneal fluid) is most often found in the omental bursa due to gravity and fluid moving into this space through the:
   A. ampulla of Vater.
   B. cystic duct.
   C. foramen of Winslow (epiploic foramen).
   D. lesser peritoneal sac.
   E. lienorenal ligament.

Answer 6

C. foramen of Winslow (epiploic foramen).

Question 7

7. Which of the following first returns to the body from the physiological herniation? 
A. Cecum 
B. Cloaca 
C. Bile duct 
D. Jejunum 
E. Pancreas

Answer 7

D. Jejunum

Question 8

8. Which of the following is true for transformation of the foregut?
   A. Dorsal mesogastrium drapes over the transverse colon
   B. Omental bursa forms from elongation of the ventral mesogastrium
   C. Pancreas rotates to the right side of the duodenum
   D. Splanchnic lateral mesoderm gives rise to the myenteric plexus
   E. Stomach rotates to the right and cephalic direction

Answer 8

A. Dorsal mesogastrium drapes over the transverse colon

Question 9

9. Which of the following is true for the midgut?
   A. Appendix arises from it
   B. Attached to the dorsal body wall by greater omentum
   C. It loops out into the umbilical cord and rotates to the left
   D. Main blood supply is from branches of the celiac trunk
   E. None of the above

Answer 9

A. Appendix arises from it

Question 10

10. Which of the following is true?
    A. Accessory pancreatic duct is found in the uncinate process
    B. Duodenum is derived from the septum transversum
    C. Gall bladder is derived from the midgut diverticulum
    D. Liver develops in the dorsal mesentery
    E. Ventral pancreatic bud is supplied by branches of the celiac trunk

Answer 10

E. Ventral pancreatic bud is supplied by branches of the celiac trunk

Question 11

11. At 5th week of embryonic development, which of the following is functional? 
A. Pronephros 
B. Mesonephros 
C. Metanephros 
D. Prostate gland 
E. Allantois

Answer 11

B. Mesonephros

Question 12

12. Which of the following gives rise to the seminal vesicles? 
A. Endoderm of the urogenital sinus 
B. Genital tubercle 
C. Allantois 
D. Mesonephric duct 
E. Labioscrotal folds

Answer 12

D. Mesonephric duct

Question 13

13. In the 5th week of development, mesonephric ducts fail to form on both sides of an embryo. Which of the following conditions would you expect to see in the new born? 
A. Accessory renal arteries 
B. Bilateral renal agenesis 
C. Pelvic kidney 
D. Polycystic kidney disease 
E. Ambiguous genitalia

Answer 13

B. Bilateral renal agenesis

Question 14

14. Labia minora are: 
A. derived from the urogenital folds. 
B. homologous to the male scrotum. 
C. derived from fusion of the caudal paramesonephric ducts. 
D. homologous to glans penis. 
E. the remnants of mesonephric ducts.

Answer 14

A. derived from the urogenital folds.

Question 15

15. A genetically male embryo has a mutation that renders paramesonephric ducts insensitive to AMH/MIF, which of the following is the likely phenotype of this embryo at the third trimester?
    A. Develop female external genitalia
    B. Male genital ducts do not develop
    C. More susceptible to developing Wilm’s tumor
    D. Ovaries instead of testes
    E. Uterus develops

Answer 15

E. Uterus develops