Embryology Vocabulary

Question 1

Ability to produce blood cells and grow blood vessels

Answer 1

Angiogenic Cells

Question 2

Bilateral symmetrical, paired veins drain blood from the head and neck into their respective common cardinal veins during the early 4th week.

Answer 2

Anterior Cardinal Veins

Question 3

Paired arteries derived from a basketwork of arteries surrounding the pharynx of piscine progenitors.

Answer 3

Aortic Arches

Question 4

The aortic arches sprout from this most distal specialization of the trunks arteriosus.

Answer 4

Aortic Sac

Question 5

The constriction first demarcates the superior end of the primitive ventricle from the inferior end of the bulbous cordis at the end of the third week

Answer 5

Bulboventricular sulcus

Question 6

The distinct segment of the primitive heart tube is first apparent at the end of the third week. Will form much of the right ventricle.

Answer 6

Bulbus Cordis

Question 7

The acellular secretion of the myocardium plays a central role in septation of the heart and formation of the atrioventricular canals.

Answer 7

Cardiac Jelly

Question 8

The horseshoe shaped region lateral and cranial to the neural plates that will form on the brain, will give rise to the lateral endocardial tubes and hence the primitive heart tube by vasculogensis.

Answer 8

Cardiogenic region

Question 9

Fuse or grow together, usually 2-3 body parts

Answer 9

Coalesce

Question 10

Short vessel segments which dump blood into the right and left horns of the sinus venosus respectively.

Answer 10

Common cardinal veins

Question 11

The distal region of the bulbus cordis will give rise to outflow regions of the ventricles themselves. and the truncus arteriosus which will be divided into proximal ends of the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk.

Answer 11

Conotruncus

Question 12

The segment of the outflow tract is derived from the conotruncus and is remodeled to form outflow regions of the definitive left and right ventricles.

Answer 12

Conus Cordis

Question 13

The dorsal mesentery of the primitive heart tube connects the heart to the foregut and the ventral mesocardium connects the heart to the central body wall.

Answer 13

Dorsal Mesocardium

Question 14

The thickening in the atrioventricular canal are regions of thickened cardiac jelly. The center of the fetal heart that becomes the AV valves. The direction the ivs and avs grow towards.

Answer 14

Endocardial Cushions

Question 15

The inferior opening in the septum secundum allows blood to flow from the right and left atrium during embryonic and fetal life.

Answer 15

Foramen Ovale

Question 16

After birth, as pressure rises in the left ventricle, the septum premium is forced against the thicker septum sucundum.

Answer 16

Fossa Ovalis

Question 17

Paired tubes develop within the lateral regions of the cardiogenic area by vasculogenesis.

Answer 17

Lateral endocardial tubes

Question 18

The inferior opening in the septum primum closes completely as the septum primum fuses with the septum intermedium

Answer 18

Osmium Primum

Question 19

This structure develops within the superior region of the septum primum by the coalescence of cell death foci as the ostium primum closes

Answer 19

Osmium secundum

Question 20

Embryonic communication or shunt, right to left shunt, that is normal that allows blood fro the pulmonary artery to flow into the aorta.

Answer 20

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Question 21

A small expansion of the primitive heart tube in the early 4th week.

Answer 21

Primitive Atrium

Question 22

Formed by fusion of the lateral endocardial tubes as they are brought into the ventral thoracic region by cephalic and lateral folding

Answer 22

Primitive heart tube

Question 23

Expansion of the primitive heart tube is apparent early in the 4th week.

Answer 23

Primitive Ventricle

Question 24

This structure divides the single atrioventricular canal into right and left atrioventricular canals as the growing edges of the superior and inferior endocardial cushions meet and fuse during the 6th week. Provides a base upon which the ventricular and atrial septa can fuse to completely separate the right and left ventricles and atria from each other.

Answer 24

Septum intermedium

Question 25

The membranous atrial septum forms adjacent to the left atrium. It first contains an ostium primum, which closes when the septum fuses with the septum intermedium, and then an ostium secundum which forms in its superior region as several cell death foci coalesce

Answer 25

Septum Primum

Question 26

As the septum primum completes its development in the 6th week, a second, thicker septum grows from the atrial roof to the right of the septum primum. This structure is incomplete resulting in the formation of a foramen ovale.

Answer 26

Septum secundum

Question 27

The smooth walled region of the definitive right atrium formed by intussusception of the right horn of the sinus venosus

Answer 27

Sinus Venarum

Question 28

The chamber at the inferior end of the primitive heart tube is the site of confluence of left and right common cardinal, vitelline, and umbilical veins prior to remodeling of the inflow region of the heart

Answer 28

Sinus venosus

Question 29

These septa of the outflow tracts are formed from neural crest ectomesenchymal cells which migrate into the trunks arteriosus through the 4th and 6th aortic arches.

Answer 29

Truncoconal septal

Question 30

This distal segment of the bulbous cordis is divided into ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk by fusion of the truncoconal septa between the 5th and 9th weeks

Answer 30

Truncus arteriosus

Question 31

One of two veins conveying blood from the yolk sac

Answer 31

Vitelline vein